This article introduces a scientific research method based on numerical simulation in college physics teaching, innovates the content and teaching mode of college physics, deepens students' understanding of basic concepts in physics, cultivates their innovative consciousness and thinking. In the teaching process, numerical simulation research cases are designed based on typical knowledge points of college physics, and through practical teaching, students are guided to actively participate in numerical simulation experiments, deeply explore the laws and principles of physical phenomena. By scientifically and systematically introducing research methods based on numerical simulation, the teaching content and mode of college physics have been innovated, effectively enhancing students' scientific literacy and innovation ability. The position and role of physics basic courses in cultivating innovative talents under the background of New Engineering Education have been fully utilized.