Using quantum weak measurement technology, the very weak interaction can cause significant observation effects. It plays important roles in observing the extreme weak physical effect, quantum parameter estimation, quantum state tomography and so on. It has become a research hotspot in the field of quantum measurement. Based on the Stern-Gerlach experiment as the starting point, this paper explains the physical image of quantum weak measurement by using the knowledge of elementary quantum mechanics, and further introduces the frontier development of related fields. This paper can deepen physics teachers' understanding of quantum weak measurement, which is a frontier physical problem, and also help students to establish a clear physical image. The introduction of cutting-edge technology in the teaching process also helps to stimulate students' interest and enthusiasm for active exploration and further research. This paper aims to build a bridge between basic physics principles and high-tech, which is beneficial for college physics teachers to broaden scientific thoughts and enhance academic taste.