It is essential to ensure the safety of networks and devices that are wired together because of the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) and industrial IoT (IIoT) networks. To address the existing security challenges over the IoT while routing sensitive data, we propose a novel quality of service (QoS)-based IoT security approach. Our model parades apparent characteristics in its unconventionality from accustomed routing protocols. Our approach proves that it is better than existing models in terms of efficiency, security, and privacy based on the conduction of a series of scrupulous tests and evaluations and noticed a better quality and performance over the IoT network while establishing connections and routing. To achieve better efficacy, we combine lightweight lattice-based attribute-based encryption (ABE) with a novel quantum key distribution (QKD) model to overcome the cyber-attacks that are faced by most of the existing approaches with better computational overhead. This work presents an innovative method, integrating security and privacy by integrating QoS principles, intended to address the security and privacy issues while routing over the IoT networks. With our research, we have significantly improved IoT applications by introducing improvements of 24% in computational overhead, 18% in efficiency, and 14% in routing speed. These improvements allow devices to use less power and resources, support denser networks with better data reliability, and react faster to critical events. These developments directly help applications in smart homes, smart workplaces, and smart cities by making IoT systems more secure, economical, scalable, and energy efficient.