To investigate the effect of immediate and delayed implant placement on dimensional changes in hard and soft tissues as well as esthetic outcomes.

A total of 40 maxillary single anterior teeth with a dehiscence defect on the labial bone (≤4 mm) were categorized into two groups according to the timing of implant placement: immediate implant placement (n = 20) or delayed implant placement (n = 20). Guided bone regeneration (GBR) was conducted at the sites using a flap approach, and the implants were given immediate provisionalization. Implant survival rates, dimensional changes in hard and soft tissues during the six- and twelve-month follow-ups, and pink esthetic scores (PESs) were measured.

The implant survival rates in both groups were 100%, and no complications occurred during the follow-up time. There was no significant difference between the two groups at the measurement sites in the dimensional change of hard and soft tissues during the six- and twelve-month follow-ups. The largest resorption was observed at the implant neck, with a loss of (1.29 ± 0.71) mm in the immediate implant placement group and (1.43 ± 0.19) mm in the delayed implant placement group. The mean PES scores were (10.95 ± 1.51) for the immediate implant placement group and (11.05 ± 1.23) for the delayed implant placement group.

Immediate implantation or delayed implantation combined with GBR and immediate provisionalization might both be a prospective treatment strategy for a maxillary single anterior tooth with a dehiscence defect on the labial bone.

To study the postoperative soft and hard tissue changes and aesthetic effect of immediate implantation and provisionalization (IIPP) combined with guided bone regeneration (GBR) for a single anterior maxillary tooth with a thin facial bone phenotype.

A total of 34 patients with thin facial bone (<1 mm) were categorized into two groups: a flapped GBR group and a flapless group. Tooth extraction and IIPP were conducted at the sites in both groups. Implant survival rates, dimensional changes in soft and hard tissues during the six- and twelve-month follow-ups, the pink esthetic score (PES) and patient satisfaction scores at the twelve-month follow-up were measured.

The implant survival rates were 100% in both groups, and no complications occurred during the 12 months after surgery. The facial bone thickness remained over 2 mm on all measured sides, and the height of the facial bone crest remained at 1.39 mm at the 12-month follow-up in the flapped GBR group, while the facial bone thickness remained less than 2 mm on all measured sides, and the height of the facial bone crest remained at 1.03 mm at the 12-month follow-up in the flapless group. The absorption of facial bone at all measured sides in the flapped GBR group was greater than that in the flapless group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the dimensional changes of labial soft tissues during the six- and twelve-month follow-ups (P>0.05). The mean PES scores were 10.29 ± 2.34 for the flap GBR group and 10.12±1.78 for the flapless group (P = 0.807). The mean patient satisfaction scores were 8.65 ± 1.27 in the flapped GBR group and 8.76 ± 1.25 in the flapless group, and the patients in both of the groups were satisfied with the esthetic outcomes (P = 0.787).

IIPP combined with GBR might be a prospective treatment strategy for a single anterior maxillary tooth with a thin facial bone phenotype, but the esthetic risks should never be ignored.

To investigate the application effect of bovine pericardium in horizontal bone augmentation surgery in the aesthetic area and to assess its clinical feasibility in guided bone regeneration (GBR).

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee. A total of 29 patients with anterior tooth loss accompanied by labial bone defects were selected, and horizontal bone augmentation was performed using a bovine pericardium membrane combined with particulate or block bone grafts. Centered on the virtual implant in the preoperative design, labial bone thickness at the implant neck and 1-5 mm below it was measured at different time points: preoperatively (T0), immediately postoperatively (T1), and 6 months postoperatively (T2). The results were used to assess bone regeneration outcomes. Additionally, the visual analog scales (VASs) of postoperative pain and swelling were recorded, and whether any complications such as infection or wound dehiscence occurred were monitored.

Immediately after surgery, labial bone thickness of all implants significantly increased, with an average increase more than 3 mm. Six months after surgery, the bone augmentation was well maintained. Specifically, labial bone thickness 3-5 mm below the shoulder of the implant was greater than 3 mm. The VAS scores showed that postoperative pain and swelling peaked on the third day and then gradually decreased, with good recovery 10 days after surgery. No complications such as infection or wound dehiscence occurred during the follow-up period.

Bovine pericardium shows good bone augmentation effect and biocompatibility in horizontal bone augmentation in the anterior aesthetic area, and it is suitable for various horizontal bone augmentation surgeries in the aesthetic area.

To investigate the effects of new and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the proliferation, morphology, adhesion, activity and expression of osteoblast related genes of MG-63 osteoblasts by establishing a osteogenic model of implants.

MG-63 cells were implanted on sand-blasted, largegrit, acid-etched titanium plates surface (SLA) to establish a model of osseointegration between implant surface and osteoblasts. The experiments included NO-flurbiprofen group, flurbiprofen group and the control group. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay, cell morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cell adhesion was detected by MTT assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was detected by chemical method, calcified nodules was observed after Alizarin red staining, and the expression of bone formation related genes ALP, OCN, Runx-2 was detected by RT-qPCR.

CCK-8 assay showed that statistical difference was observed in cell proliferation among the groups treated with different drug concentrations (P<0.01). Cell proliferation was higher in the NO-flurbiprofen group and the flurbiprofen group than the control group, and in the NO-flurbiprofen group than the flurbiprofen group (P<0.01). SEM displayed that the cells from the NO-flurbiprofen group grew to multiple lays first. Cell adhesion results showed that the number of cell adhesion was lower in the NO-flurbiprofen group than the flurbiprofen group and the control group (P<0.01). ALP activity of drug groups was lower than the control group (P<0.01). No typical red deeply stained calcified nodules were observed in neither NO-flurbiprofen group nor flurbiprofen group during the observation period. RT-qPCR indicated that the mRNA expression of OCN in the NO-flurbiprofen group and Runx-2 in the flurbiprofen group was higher than those of the control group, while the mRNA level of ALP was lower than that of the control group (P<0.01).

Both NO-flurbiprofen and flurbiprofen effectively promote the proliferation of osteoblasts on the surface of titanium plates and the expression of some osteogenic related genes. The promotion effect of NO-flurbiprofen is more significant.