In order to investigate the diversity of the Gongnaisi Forest Farm, we collected lichen specimens in this area. Lichen specimens were identified by the traditional lichen classification methods such as morphological and anatomical observation, identification of secondary metabolites, ecological characteristics analysis, with modern molecular systematics. As a result, we found one new lichen genus Tetramelas Norman. and five species: Caloplaca variabilis (Pers.) Müll. Arg, Circinaria arida Owe-Larss, Pertusaria qilianensis Ren Q & Zhao ZT, Rinodina sarcogynoides (H. Magn.) Q. Y. Zhong & Li S. Wang, Tetramelas chloroleucus (Korb.) A. Nordin new to Xinjiang. The ITS phylogenetic tree for each species was constructed by Maximum Likelihood(ML) and Bayesian Inference(BI) methods, and detailed morphological descriptions, distribution, habitat color photos of thallus, apothecia and ascospores were provided.