With the rapid development of information technology, physical experiment teaching instruments are accelerating their digital transformation. The digital improvement of physical experiments is of great significance for improving experimental efficiency, focusing on the essence of physics, and stimulating students’ interest. Based on the advanced measurement platform Moku: Go and the graphical programming language LabVIEW, this paper digitally improves the traditional solar cell experiment, achieving digital measurements of the current-voltage characteristics, load characteristics, and light characteristics. It also innovatively expands the measurement content to include the flashing characteristics of the light source. The system simplifies the cumbersome data acquisition process in the experiment, allowing students to devote more energy to experimental data analysis and exploration of physical problems, which is conducive to strengthening the cultivation of students’ innovative abilities.

To address the limitations of insufficient three-dimensional optical path visualization and restricted operational freedom in traditional optical virtual simulation experiments, this study proposes a mixed reality-based solution. By integrating the Unity Engine, Matlab simulation algorithms, and the HoloLens2 mixed reality hardware platform, we have constructed a virtual-physical fusion experimental environment that achieves high-degree freedom optical simulations with real-time multimodal interaction. During system development, strict adherence to geometric optics and wave optics theories ensures authentic simulation of optical phenomena and immersive experimental processes, implemented through Unity engine's particle system and collision detection modules. Additionally, an intelligent experimental data analysis module, incorporating an error tracing functionality, has been introduced to help students identify the sources of experimental error and optimize experimental procedures. The implementation of the Michelson interferometer case demonstrates that the mixed reality-based optical virtual simulation system breaks through the one-way operation limitations of traditional simulations. By expanding operational freedom and implementing multi-sensory (visual, auditory, and tactile) interactive design, it significantly enhances students' understanding of optical phenomena and their exploratory capabilities. This approach shows considerable potential for broader application in physics education.

A comprehensive teaching experimental platform is designed for the study of thermal radiation, which can be used to study the thermal radiation characteristics of common materials and to verify the basic laws of thermal radiation such as Stefan-Boltzmann law, the inverse square law of radiation, Lambert’s cosine law and Kirchhoff’s law. The experimental platform has the advantages of multiple functions, high precision, low cost and simple operation. It achieves automatic control of the experimental process and automatic collection of experimental data. By using computer technology to process the data, it realizes the visualization of the data, making the experimental results more intuitive. The experimental platform can be used in university physics experiments and innovative design experiment teaching.

A topic of 2022 IYPT “Balls on an Elastic Band” is studied. Under the condition of linear assumption of torsion force and damping of rubber band, a two-degree of freedom linear damping free torsional vibration model is established to describe the motion law of elastic band with double ball. A shear deformation mechanical model of elastic circular axis is established to describe the mechanical properties of elastic band, and the analytical solution is given. The pendulum behavior of the double ball rubber band system is explained, and the dependence between the behavior and the related parameters is explored quantitatively. The Tracker software was used to obtain relevant experimental data to verify the correctness of the model. The constant period breaking phenomenon in the experiment was explained semi-quantitatively, and the change of the nonlinear revolution radius r with time t was analyzed qualitatively.

RLC circuit is an important part of college physics and circuit analysis, and it is also a basic unit of electronic instruments and communication equipment, When the RLC circuit is working, the voltage at both ends of the capacitor will be overcharged beyond the supply voltage. However, existing textbooks lack necessary theoretical explanations for this phenomenon, In fact, the phenomenon of overcharging contains rich physical images. On the basis of experimental observation and analysis of the physical quantity dependence of various components in the transient process, this article conducts quantitative research from both micro and macro perspectives, explaining that the overcharging phenomenon is caused by the presence of inductance, which affects the current change mode. When the capacitor voltage reaches thepower supply voltage, the current does not reach zero, while the charging process continues,leading to the overcharging phenomenon of the capacitor voltage. The results of this paper arehelpful for students to understand the transient process of RLC circuit more deeply.

When the particle's velocity or squeezing among particles is increased, the flow rate of discrete particles passing through the bottleneck is significantly reduced, which is called the “more haste, less speed” effect. In this paper, molecular dynamics simulation is used to study the effects of self-propelled force on the bottleneck clogging of active particles driven by different external velocity fields. With the increase of self-propelled force, the flow rate of active particles decreases. Based on the power-law exponent of complementary cumulative distribution function and clogging probability, it is explained that although the self-propelled force can effectively enhance the particle motility, it also causes the increase of the clogging probability, consequently leading to the decrease of the flow rate. On the pedagogical side, as a typical complex system, bottleneck flow of active particle can assist students in understanding the physical thought that optimal individual does not necessarily bring global optimum. Besides, it is beneficial to the development of academic ability and scientific literacy for undergraduates, by the rigorous training of data processing and statistical analysis.