For developing high-order scheme with low dissipation and low dispersion to accurately simulate the flow field with complex structures such as shock wave, a method of stencil reorganization was proposed based on the fifth-order finite difference WENO-Z scheme. A four-point central stencil recombined by three-point stencils is introduced in the calculation of WENO nonlinear weight in order to optimize the weight allocation of each template in the original format, and two improved WENO-Z schemes were proposed. The dispersion and dissipation properties of the schemes were compared and analyzed via the approximate dispersion relation analysis, which shows that the dissipation of the two improved schemes decreases at different extent. The numerical experiments show that the improved schemes have better shock capture property and higher resolution for small-scale flow structures.

Bifunctional materials possessing both high electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity hold promise for integrating electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption with thermal management capabilities, thereby addressing signal crosstalk and heat accumulation issues in integrated electronic devices. However, the opposing effects of percolation phenomena on thermal conduction and microwave absorption hinder the integration of these properties. Herein, diospyros cauliflora-shaped CF@PDA@Fe₃O₄ (MCF) was synthesized via a solvothermal method. The introduced heterogeneous interfaces enhance EMW absorption while impeding charge transport between adjacent carbon fibers (CFs), thereby suppressing percolation effects. Subsequently, magnetic-field-induced alignment of MCFs constructs thermally conductive pathways along the temperature gradient direction. By streamlining heat transfer routes and reducing filler-matrix interfaces, thermal conductivity is significantly enhanced. When the mass fraction of MCF is 20 wt.%, the composite achieves an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.2 GHz and a minimal reflection loss of −49.77 dB, while its thermal conductivity increases by 400% compared to pure polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). This study proposes a synergistic strategy to concurrently enhance thermal conductivity and EMW absorption in composites, offering a new pathway for developing electronic packaging materials with efficient heat dissipation and broadband EMW absorption.

Scallop ice is a special phenomenon that occurs during swept wing aircraft passing through icing clouds. It poses a great challenge for the icing safety assessment that the complex scallop ice shape feature and its mechanism are still unclear. In this work, a large-scale icing wind tunnel experiment of swept wing designed by NACA0012 airfoil is conducted in the Icing Wind Tunnel of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center. The detailed three-dimensional ice shapes under 0°, 15°, 30° and 45° swept angles are obtained by laser scanning technology. The experimental results show that with the swept angle increasing from 0° to 45°, the 2D double ice horn structures show certain spanwise variation, and finally transform into complete scallop ice with ice thickness greatly enhanced in the stagnation line region. The empirical mode decomposition of the spanwise ice curve captures the high-frequency fluctuation on the scallop ice caused by the small-scale roughness element, while the trend with low frequency is not obvious. Based on the experimental data, a new complete scallop ice geometric model, named 5Points-5Lines-2Arcs (5P-5L-2A) model, is proposed, which can provide important basis for the quantitative description of complex scallop ice shape.

Icing detection is the premise and basis for the operation of aircraft icing protection systems, and it is the primary problem faced by icing protection. At present, the research on the probe icing process lacks the measured data, and the relevant laws need to be verified. Therefore, in order to simulate the real icing environment encountered by the aircraft more accurately, the large-scale icing wind tunnel was used to carry out experimental research on the icing characteristics of the sensor. A test method combining probe array distribution and ice shape repeatability verification was used, and online images, measured ice shape, and ice quality were utilized to reveal the detailed characteristics and changing rules of water droplets impacting the probe surface visually and quantitatively. The results show that the water collection coefficient on the cylinder surface of the probe first increases and then decreases along the axial direction, and there is an extreme point. The height of this point will gradually increase with the development of the wall boundary layer, and the variety ranges from 2 mm to 30 mm. In addition, each probe position has different sensitivity to changes in incoming flow parameters, and the points with higher icing quality and lower sensitivity to changes in attack angle will have better detection effects. The measured data and analysis in this paper can provide a basis for the accurate design of the sensor probe.