Self-powered wireless sensing system is particularly suitable for applications in intelligent manufacturing, smart healthcare etc. as it does not require an external power source. Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is an emerging energy harvester that can be used to power self-powered wireless sensors. The latest achievement in this area is the instantaneous self-powered wireless sensor, where the electric energy generated by the TENG is injected directly into the inductor-capacitor (LC) resonator to generate a decaying oscillating signal with encoded sensing information. However, the frequency is lower (typically < 5 MHz) and the signal transmission distance is short (< 3 m) limited by the near-field magnetic coupling, restricting its widespread applications. In this research, we propose a self-powered long-distance wireless sensing platform which utilizes a surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator based radio-frequency oscillator to convert TENG energy into a high frequency signal with sensing information encoded. With this system, the sensing signal can be easily transmitted through the antenna for long distance. An optimized system is designed and conditional influences are fully investigated. Results show this self-powered wireless sensor system can perform wireless sensing for force, temperature and vibration at a distance up to 50 m.

Few-layer nanosheets (NSs) of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) display notable piezoelectric properties. Yet, their integration into polymers typically yields non-piezoelectric composites due to NSs’ random distribution. We introduce a facile method for fabricating intrinsic piezoelectric composites incorporated with NSs without electric poling. Our innovative process aligns NSs within polyvinyl alcohol polymer, leveraging ice-water interfacial tension, water crystallization thrust, and directional cross-linking during freezing. The resulting PE composites exhibit a maximum piezoelectric coefficient of up to 25.5–28.4 pC N⁻¹, comparable to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), with significant costefficiency, safety, and scalability advantages over conventional materials. Using this composite, we develop highly sensitive wearable pressure and strain sensors, and an ultrasound energy harvester. These sensors detect finger bending and differentiate between walking and running, while the harvester generates ~1.18 V/2.31 μA under 1 W cm⁻² ultrasound input underwater. This universal method offers a novel manufacturing technique for piezoelectric composites, demonstrating remarkable effectiveness in synthesizing intrinsic piezoelectric composites based on 2D materials. Moreover, its potential extends to applications in wearable electronics and energy harvesting, promising significant advancements in these fields.