Electronic nitrate reduction reaction (NO₃RR) is an expected process to obtain green ammonia and bring a hot topic on electrocatalyst constructing. Nevertheless, NO₃RR processes a complex path with multiple adsorption and desorption so that the adsorbed selectivity is one of the key points. Herein, based on the catalysis of Cu₂O-Fe₃O₄ on N-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs), B-doped sites were introduced for enhancing the adsorption of NO₃⁻ and thereby increasing the local concentration on surface of the electrode. After confirming the catalytic sites mainly from Cu₂O and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, the B,N-doped carbon nanotube (BNCNT) substrate was discovered accelerating the NO₃RR with high yield NH₃ and positive-shift of onset potential. The enhancement from B-sites was also testified by the performance comparison using different substrate and series of metal oxide/BNCNTs, presenting the general strategy for promoting NO₃RR. This work provides a new perspective for modulating catalytic process, especially in the complex electrocatalysis with high-required selectivity and concentration-dependence.

Lithium–sulfur batteries are considered important devices for the power of movable equipment, but there are still some challenges that limit their applications, such as how to obtain a cathode for high sulfide adsorption and rapid conversion. Here, a new strategy is proposed to enhance the performance of lithium–sulfur batteries by growing 3-dimensional hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne (HsGDY) layers on Ni foam via Glaser cross-coupling reaction to anchor MoS₂/Ni₃S₂, enhancing the conductivity of host material of S. The results show that the 3-dimensional HsGDY framework enables the fast adsorption of lithium polysulfides and the Ni₃S₂/MoS₂ performs as the reaction center with a low charge transfer resistance. The charge capacity of Ni@HsGDY/MoS₂/Ni₃S₂ cell is up to 1,234.7 mAh·g⁻¹ at the first circle, and the specific capacity keeps 486 mAh·g⁻¹ after 500 cycles at a current density of 2 C. The incorporation of HsGDY into the cathode promotes the adsorption and the conversion of polysulfides, paving a path to obtain lithium–sulfur batteries with high energy density.