Laser-induced graphene (LIG) has attracted widespread attention owing to its excellent solid-lubricating property, chemical stability, and designable surface structure, and has shown broad application prospects in fields such as friction reduction and corrosion protection. However, its limited structural stability and lubricant-storage capability restrict its practical application. In this work, a multifunctional composite lubricating surface integrating LIG, epoxy resin, laser surface texturing, and phase-change paraffin wax (PW@LST@E-LIG) was developed. The LIG structure was firstly optimized by tuning the laser power, followed by epoxy resin infiltration to enhance structural stability. Subsequently, laser-textured micropore arrays were introduced and combined with phase-change paraffin wax to establish a thermally responsive lubrication system, thereby achieving the synergistic enhancement of tribological and anti-corrosion performance. Compared with the original LIG, the optimized sample exhibited a reduction in coefficient of friction (COF) of 45–55% (approximately 0.09) and the wear depth decreased by approximately 90% under the same load. Anti-corrosion performance tests showed that the interfacial charge-transfer resistance increased to 10⁵ Ω cm², while the corrosion current density decreased to 10⁻⁷ A·cm⁻². The corrosion current density decreased by more than two orders of magnitude compared with that of the substrate, resulting in an inhibition efficiency of 99.54%. Through the coupling of structural design and phase-change materials, this study achieved the synergistic enhancement of wear resistance, lubrication, lubricant-storage capability, and anti-corrosion performance, providing a new strategy for the design of multifunctional surfaces for diverse service conditions.

With an extensive range of distinctive features at nano meter-scale thicknesses, two-dimensional (2D) materials drawn the attention of the scientific community. Despite tremendous advancements in exploratory research on 2D materials, knowledge of 2D electrical transport and carrier dynamics still in its infancy. Thus, here we highlighted the electrical characteristics of 2D materials with electronic band structure, electronic transport, dielectric constant, carriers mobility. The atomic thinness of 2D materials makes substantially scaled field-effect transistors (FETs) with reduced short-channel effects conceivable, even though strong carrier mobility required for high performance, low-voltage device operations. We also discussed here about factors affecting 2D materials which easily enhanced the activity of those materials for various applications. Presently, Those 2D materials used in state-of-the-art electrical and optoelectronic devices because of the extensive nature of their electronic band structure. 2D materials offer unprecedented freedom for the design of novel p-n junction device topologies in contrast to conventional bulk semiconductors. We also, describe the numerous 2D p-n junctions, such as homo junction and hetero junction including mixed dimensional junctions. Finally, we talked about the problems and potential for the future.