N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modifications, as one of the most common forms of internal RNA chemical modifications in eukaryotic cells, have gained increasing attention in recent years. The m⁶A RNA modifications exert various crucial roles in various biological processes, such as embryonic development, neurogenesis, circadian rhythms, and tumorigenesis. Recent advances have highlighted that m⁶A RNA modification plays an important role in immune response, especially in the initiation and progression of autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarized the regulatory mechanisms of m⁶A methylation and its biological functions in the immune system and mainly focused on recent progress in research on the potential role of m⁶A RNA methylation in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, thus providing possible biomarkers and potential targets for the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases.