Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-Q-TOF-MS), sensory evaluation, and odor activity value (OAV) analysis were employed to systematically identify and trace the key aroma compounds of jasmine yellow tea. The findings indicated that the scenting process significantly enhanced the aroma quality of yellow tea, with tea scented with 90%–120% jasmine flowers showing the best overall aroma profile. Thirteen key aroma compounds were identified in jasmine yellow tea, including linalool, benzyl acetate, α-farnesene, methyl benzoate, cis-3-hexenol benzoate, indole, and methyl salicylate. Among these, eight compounds were found to be more abundant in jasmine flowers, suggesting that the release of major aroma constituents from jasmine flowers during scenting is closely associated with the aroma characteristics of jasmine yellow tea. Correlation analysis revealed that these eight compounds were significantly positively correlated with both the aroma intensity and overall sensory score of jasmine yellow tea (P < 0.05). Notably, cubaene (woody and resinous notes) and cis-3-hexen-1-ol (grassy aroma) may contribute synergistically to the layered aroma of jasmine yellow tea. This research provides a theoretical foundation for the quality control and processing optimization of jasmine yellow tea. However, further studies are warranted to determine the optimal processing parameters.

Obesity is associated with gut dysbiosis and metabolic endotoxin. Junshanyinzhen tea extract (JSTE) reduced fat accumulation and body weight in obese mice. However, the effects and mechanism of JSTE in preventing obesity were unclear. Therefore, we used different doses of JSTE (75, 150 and 300 mg/(kg·day)) to evaluate the effect on high-fat diet (HFD) -induced rats under 8 weeks of intervention. Here, our results showed that JSTE could significantly reduce body weight gain, blood lipid levels and fat accumulation, improve fatty damage in liver tissue (P < 0.05). In addition, JSTE increased the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins (P < 0.05), relieved metabolic endotoxemia (P < 0.05) and chronic low- grade inflammation in HFD rats. Sequencing of fecal samples showed that JSTE could effectively reverse the microbial diversity and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes to normal levels in HFD- fed rats. Desulfovibrioceae and Erysipelotrichaceae, which are positively related to obesity, were decreased by JSTE intervention (P < 0.05). while Bifidobacteriaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Akkermansia, and Clostridium, which are negatively related to obesity, were increased. Together, these results suggested that JSTE might effectively prevent obesity by modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis, intestinal barrier dysfunction, metabolic endotoxemia and chronic low-grade inflammation in HFD-induced rats.