Petroleum pollution has become an important factor to threaten the groundwater environment, and the classification of its typical characteristics will contribute to pollution assessment and environmental management. Under the same hydrogeological features condition, the reaction of typical petroleum pollutants in groundwater depends on the characteristics. This paper takes the typical toxicity, oil pollutant migration, degradation, water-soluble etc. as evaluation indexes, and with AHP method the typical petroleum pollutants in groundwater are divided into four classifications according to comprehensive calculated values: comprehensive value≥2.5, Class Ⅰ hazardous pollutant; 2.0≤comprehensive value＜2.5, Class Ⅱ hazardous pollutant; 1.5≤comprehensive value＜2.0, Class Ⅲ hazardous pollutant; comprehensive value＜1.5, Class Ⅳ hazardous pollutant. The pollutant group shall be managed according to the classification, and obtained classification list will provide technical support for priority monitoring and priority repair of groundwater environmental management.

In recent years, the mountain springs in the bedrock mountainous area of Hebei are decreasing in terms of both quantity and flow rate, which have affected the domestic water and production water supply for people in this area, due to which driven wells have been built with the expectation to relieve the problem. However, this work doesn’t achieve much success due to the complex geological conditions in the bedrock mountainous area and tends to cause huge economic losses. In order to improve the success rate of this work, the authors of this paper made a summary about the type of reservoir structure, water storage conditions and characteristics, by drawing experience from the former practices of digging wells in the mountainous area of Hebei to search for water to relieve drought in 2011, referring to the research results about bedrock summarized by former researchers, employing the reservoir structure theory and by considering the stratum condition of the bedrock mountain area of Hebei. Based on the summary, the authors figure out the major reservoir structure and water research methods for mountainous regions where have metamorphic rocks, carbonate rocks and volcanic rocks distributed, which may offer some valuable guidance to future water researches in the bedrock mountainous area of Hebei.