Integrated renewable energy with energy storage is a crucial measure to reduce the impact of renewable energy disturbances on the power grid and promote effective energy utilization. Virtual synchronous technology can effectively improve the dynamic performance of integrated renewable energy and energy storage systems by simulating the operating characteristics of traditional synchronous generators. However, the traditional virtual synchronous generator (VSG) controller faces issues of active power oscillation and dynamic stability. To overcome these issues, this paper proposes a strategy for suppressing active power dynamic oscillation in VSG grid connection based on active power feedforward and frequency compensation, which is able to ensure that the output power of VSG can exhibit good dynamic response performance when the power reference changes while also achieving effective decoupling of primary frequency modulation and damping response, thereby eliminating steady-state errors.

This paper eliminates the coupling between the primary frequency modulation characteristics and virtual damping control by setting the virtual damping D=0 and introduces an active power feedforward link to address the stability issues that may arise from damping loss. Then, to further increase the damping ratio of the system and improve its stability and robustness, a frequency compensation component is added to further improve the dynamic response speed and reduce the steady-state errors. By analyzing the zero pole distribution diagram of the system with changes in the control parameters, the performance of power oscillation suppression can be evaluated, and the optimal parameters can be ultimately determined.

A hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform based on RT-LAB is built in this paper to test the effectiveness of the proposed method and conduct relevant teaching experiments, including a real-time simulator, I/O interface, and grid-connected controller. Compared with the traditional VSG method, the active power feedforward compensation-based VSG (APFC-VSG) control method and proposed active feedforward and frequency compensation-based VSG (AFFC-VSG) control method exhibit fast dynamic response speeds and improvements in peak values in the cases of power reference changes and frequency disturbances. The proposed AFFC-VSG control method performs better in frequency response than the APFC-VSG control method, with a minimum power change rate and overshoot, which helps reduce the risk of excessive output frequency and peak values during oscillation.

This paper focuses on the oscillation problem of the traditional VSG method under changes in the active power reference and grid frequency disturbance and proposes a novel VSG control strategy based on active power feedforward and frequency compensation. A hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform based on RT-LAB is built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The comparison results of the simulation experiment show that the AFFC-VSG control strategy can considerably reduce the dynamic oscillation under disturbance and further suppress the frequency overshoot problems of the traditional VSG method through frequency compensation. This experiment is designed through a complete teaching process of theoretical learning, experimental design, and result analysis, which can enable students to further study the relevant theories of control technologies for integrated renewable energy and energy storage systems. Moreover, it can enhance students’ engineering practice ability and innovative thinking in practical operations and lay the foundation for conducting relevant theoretical research.