Based on "collateral disease," this paper proposes the theory of "tumor collateral stasis" as the core pathogenesis of tumors, taking tumor localization as the research object, tumor blood vessels as the structural basis, and tumor microenvironment as the biological basis. "Tumor collateral stasis" is a generalization of tumor pathogenesis and a pathological product of the tumor. With the aging of the population, malignant tumors in older individuals have become a common problem worldwide. Older patients with malignant tumors are often frail, with declined organ physiological function and several comorbidities. Most of them find it difficult to tolerate the standard treatment of western medicine and require individualized diagnosis and treatment plans. Recently, traditional Chinese medicine has been explored and practiced in the treatment of older patients with malignant tumors and has achieved good therapeutic effects. Peri-tumoral acupuncture can dredge meridians, activate collaterals, warm and promote yang qi, strengthen local defenses, and promote blood circulation to resolve stasis. Under the guidance of the "tumor collateral stasis" theory, we applied peri-tumoral acupuncture to treat cancer pain, low anterior resection syndrome in rectal cancer, tumor suppression, recurrence prevention, and organ preservation, achieving excellent results. This study provides novel insights for clinical tumor treatment, especially in the treatment of older patients with malignant tumors.
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Open Access
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Open Access
Original Article
Issue
To explore the role of cyclophilin A (CyPA) in sensitization of lung adenocarcinoma to radiotherapy using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.
A CyPA knockout human lung adenocarcinoma cell line H1975 was established by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Groups included a control group (wildtype), CyPA knockout group, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) extract with Fuzhengzengxiao decoction group, and TCM extract with Fuzhengzengxiao decoction + CyPA knockout group. Each group was exposed to radiation at doses of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 Gy. After 24 h, MTT assays were used to determine the survival rate of lung cancer cells and calculate radiosensitivity. The qPCR was used to measure mRNA expression of DDIT3, CDKN1A, and CDC25A associated with DNA damage repair.
Without irradiation, Fuzhengzengxiao decoction reduced the survival rate of lung adenocarcinoma cells (P < .0001). After irradiation, TCM extract with Fuzhengzengxiao decoction, CyPA knockout, and TCM extract with Fuzhengzengxiao decoction + CyPA knockout groups had reduced survival rates (P < .0001) and radiosensitivity was increased significantly. Expression of DDIT3, CDKN1A, and CDC25A was upregulated after knockout of CyPA (P < .0001). Expression of DDIT3 and CDC25A was increased after irradiation in wildtype cells treated with TCM extract with Fuzhengzengxiao decoction (DDIT3, P < .0001; CDC25A, P = .0059). The TCM extract with Fuzhengzengxiao decoction + CyPA knockout group also had increased expression of DDIT3 and CDC25A after irradiation (P < .0001).
Fuzhengzengxiao decoction significantly decreases the survival rate of lung cancer cells, and its mechanism may be related to radiosensitization by decreasing expression of CyPA and inducing G1/S cell cycle arrest.
Open Access
Original Article
Issue
Acupuncture is considered an important part of the alternative medical treatment of tumors. However, it is still unclear whether acupuncture has a direct effect on inhibition of tumor growth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of acupuncture treatment on tumors in BALB/c mice that were or were not administered cyclophosphamide.
A 4T1 breast carcinoma mouse model for this study was established. When the mice developed 5 mm × 5 mm visible subcutaneous tumors, they were subjected to acupuncture and/or cyclophosphamide (CTX) treatment for 15 days.
Acupuncture and CTX treatment both reduced the size of the solid tumors. When used in conjunction, the tumor size reduction was even more obvious. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that acupuncture had a significant effect on induction of tumor cell necrosis and inhibition of angiogenesis. Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of CD34 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), which were related to angiogenesis, decreased after treatment with either acupuncture or CTX. However, when the two treatments were used in conjunction, they showed a synergistic effect on inhibiting the expression of CD34. However, the synergistic effect was not observed on MMP-9 expression.
Acupuncture plays an important role in improving the effect of chemotherapy by inhibiting angiogenesis.
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