Although the remarkable anti tumor effect of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and the essential role in diverse cellular and immunological properties have been evidenced, the clinical use of TNF-α is hindered due to its toxicity. Our study was aimed to develop a new drug delivery system by binding pygelated gold nanoparticles (50 nm) with TNF-α and then investigate the anticancer activity against AMJ13 cell line. The binding of these compounds were confirmed and characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), scanning electrone microscope (SEM), and transmision electrone microscope (TEM). Varios parameters in vitro were used to examine the anticancer activity of each compound against AMJ13 cell line. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and TNFα-GNPs were found to exert cell growth arrest against the cancer cell line. The anti-proliferative effect of these compounds was due to cell death and inducing apoptosis as confirmed by using 4', 6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) fluorescent assay, flow cytometry assay, and finally mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) staining, Real-time polymerase chanin reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect changes in the expression of p53 protein. In addition, we studied the effect of drug delivery system on body weight on mice. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that the TNFα-GNPs inhibited AMJ13 cells proliferation, resulting in apoptosis during novel pathway that involved mitochondrial damage and up-reglulated p53. Taken together, the results suggested that the TNFα loaded GNPs could be a promising therapy protocol for cancer cells and could be used for wide medical applications and offer new drug recompensing a chemotherapy drug.

In this study, novel micro and nanoparticle complexes of Ag(Ⅰ), Ni(Ⅱ), and Pd(Ⅱ) ion with new asymmetrical Schiff base triazole ligand (4-(((3-mercapto-5-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)-4H-1, 2, 4-triazol-4-yl)imino)methyl)phenol) were prepared. The Schiff base micro complexes were identified using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), flame atomic absorption, elemental analysis C.H.N.S, conductivity measurements and magnetic susceptibility. New nanoparticles Schiff base triazole ligand (4-(((3-mercapto-5-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)-4H-1, 2, 4-triazol-4-yl)imino)methyl)phenol) ligand and Ag(Ⅰ), Ni(Ⅱ) and Pd(Ⅱ) complexes were synthesized as a novel compounds by using sonication method, and were fully characterized by using FTIR, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The antioxidant activity of tested compounds was tested using DPPH assay. The effect of synthetic novel compounds on cancer cell line MCF-7 proliferation was measured by MTT assay. The ability of synthetic novel compounds in induction of apotosis was achieved using acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) stains. We found that the synthetic novel compounds had the potential to inhibit growth of cancer cell at low concentrations. The effect of synthetic compounds on cell growth and proliferation of MCF-7 cells was associated with cell cycle arrest, and increased apoptosis. Our results showed that the synthetic novel compounds inhibited cancer cell line proliferation with a mechanism of action similar to that of other tubulin inhibitors. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that synthetic novel compounds represent a new chemo type with a novel mechanisms of action and that it has the potential to be developed for tumor therapy.

Nanoparticles are a special institution of substances with precise capabilities and significant applications in many biomedical fields. In the present work zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared through sol-gel approach. The synthesised nanoparticles were identified through the usage of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In-vitro anticancer activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles towards MCF-7 cell lines using numerous parameters was investigated. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were determined to exert cell growth arrest against MCF-7 cell lines. The anti-proliferative efficiency of ZnO nanoparticles was due to cell dying and inducing apoptosis that were confirmed by the usage of acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining, DAPI staining and genotoxicity assay. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) analysis achieved to identify the gene expression of Caspase-8, Caspase-9, and P53. The results suggested that ZnO nanoparticles might find a wide use in clinical applications and provide new drug recompense for chemotherapy drugs.

The Fe₃O₄-PEG magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by hydrothermal method at different concentrations (FeCl₃·6H₂O 0.75 mg/mL and FeCl₃·6H₂O 1.5 mg/mL) and subsequently surface-functionalized coating with polyethylene glycol (PEG), the successful coating of PEG molecules on the surface of Fe₃O₄. These magnetic NPs exhibited good dispersibility and dissolvability in physiological condition. The obtained magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetry (TG) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The antibacterial activity of Fe₃O₄-PEG magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) was studied against two bacterial strains: Gram-positive Staphylococcus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli aureus. The modified MNPs had a significant effect is more on S. aureus and less on E. coli. The results showed that polyethylene glycol-functionalized magnetic (Fe₃O₄) NPs as a novel DNA-mediated antibacterial agent.