Mammalian hair follicles undergo periodic regeneration, with recent research high-lighting the immunological niche as a critical regulator of stem cell activity and hair follicle regeneration. Chemotactic signals from hair follicles attract macrophages and T cells, which, in turn, control the resting and differentiation of epithelial stem cells in both healthy and damaged conditions. T cells play a pivotal role in hair follicle regeneration, contributing to injury-induced hair neogenesis and physiologic hair cycling. However, disruption of this interaction can lead to clinically significant immune-mediated alopecia. Both scarring and non-scarring forms of alopecia arise from an imbalance in this dynamic system. In this review, we address the role of T cells in hair follicles, summarize related mechanisms, and highlight key genes involved in T cell differentiation and development. Our aim is to provide insights into the development of hair disorders linked to T cell immune homeostasis and hair follicle regeneration.

Ganoderma lucidum, one of the most well-known edible fungi, is believed to be very benef icial for longevity and vitality. A long usage history suggests that G. lucidum has various clinical therapeutic effects. And experimental studies have confirmed that G. lucidum has multiple pharmacological effects, including antitumor, anti-microbial, anti-HIV protease, and antidiabetic activity and so on. With the deepening of research, more than 300 compounds have been isolated from G. lucidum. There is an increasing population of G. lucidum-based products, and its international development is expanding. Currently, G. lucidum has drawn much attention to its chemical composition, therapeutic effect, clinical value, and safety. This paper provides a comprehensive review of these aspects to enhance the global promotion of G. lucidum.