Electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers with broadband attenuation and long-term stability are important for applications in marine environments. Dielectric ceramics excel in terms of thermal and chemical resistance but offer limited impedance matching, whereas magnetic materials provide strong absorption but degrade rapidly due to corrosion. Herein, we present an engineering approach for polymer-derived ceramics that utilizes ferric crosslinking to integrate both magnetic functionality and hierarchical structure within a single system. By reacting iron(III) acetylacetonate with Si–H groups in polyborosilazane, a uniformly distributed ferric polymer network is formed. Subsequent pyrolysis drives carbon nanotube growth and Fe_xSi_y phase formation, yielding a distinctive hierarchical “mushroom-like” structure composed of SiBCN matrices, carbon nanotube stems, and carbon-encapsulated Fe_xSi_y caps. This structure promotes EMW absorption via magnetodielectric synergy, rich interfaces, and multiple scattering, whereas carbon-encapsulated Fe_xSi_y in the SiBCN matrix provides corrosion resistance. The effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, defined as a reflection loss of less than −10 dB) of h-SiBCNFe reaches 8.16 GHz, while it also has a corrosion potential (E_corr) of 0.033 V and an ultralow corrosion current (I_corr) of 0.63 μA·cm⁻². These features highlight a new design strategy for developing advanced EMW absorbers tailored for marine applications.

With the rapid advancement of modern electronic and communication technologies, there is an increasing demand for high-performance electromagnetic wave（EMW）absorbing materials. Materials that combine lightweight properties, high-temperature resistance, and broadband absorption capabilities have become a growing research hotspot. This work proposes a novel strategy for fabricating ceramic metamaterials based on ultraviolet（UV）-curable hyperbranched polysilazane（UV-PSN） precursors. By introducing photosensitive groups into the ceramic precursor monomers and utilizing digital light processing（DLP） 3D printing technology, the synergistic regulation of microstructure and macroscopic morphology is successfully achieved. The fabricated SiCN ceramic metamaterials not only exhibit high-temperature resistance up to 1400 ℃ and tunable dielectric properties but also demonstrate excellent manufacturing precision. In addition, the unique hollow structure design significantly enhances the impedance matching performance of the overall SiCN ceramic material, achieving an effective absorption bandwidth of 3.4 GHz in the X-band. Furthermore, the overall weight of the SiCN ceramic metamaterials is reduced by 79.6% compared to solid structures. This study provides new design concepts and technical pathways for developing multifunctional EMW absorbing materials suitable for extreme environments.

The development of lithium-ion batteries with high-energy densities is substantially hampered by the graphite anode’s low theoretical capacity (372 mAh g⁻¹). There is an urgent need to explore novel anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Silicon (Si), the second-largest element outside of Earth, has an exceptionally high specific capacity (3579 mAh g⁻¹), regarded as an excellent choice for the anode material in high-capacity lithium-ion batteries. However, it is low intrinsic conductivity and volume amplification during service status, prevented it from developing further. These difficulties can be successfully overcome by incorporating carbon into pure Si systems to form a composite anode and constructing a buffer structure. This review looks at the diffusion mechanism, various silicon-based anode material configurations (including sandwich, core-shell, yolk-shell, and other 3D mesh/porous structures), as well as the appropriate binders and electrolytes. Finally, a summary and viewpoints are offered on the characteristics and structural layout of various structures, metal/non-metal doping, and the compatibility and application of various binders and electrolytes for silicon-based anodes. This review aims to provide valuable insights into the research and development of silicon-based carbon anodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries, as well as their integration with binders and electrolyte.

Hierarchical hollow-structured magnetic–dielectric materials are considered to be promising and competitive functional absorbers for microwave absorption (MA). Herein, a hierarchical hollow hydrangea multicomponent metal oxides/metal-carbon was designed and successfully produced via a facile self-assembly method and calcination process. Adequate magnetic NiO and Ni nanoparticles were suspended within the hollow hydrangea-like nitrogen-doped carbon matrix (HH N-NiO/Ni/C), constructing a unique hierarchical hollow structured multicomponent magnetic–dielectric MA composite. The annealing temperature and oxidation time were carefully regulated to investigate the complex permittivity and permeability. HH N-NiO/Ni/C delivers exceptional MA properties with maximum reflection loss of –45.8 dB at 1.7 mm thickness and displays a wide effective absorption frequency range of 5.6 GHz. The superior MA performance can be attributed to the following aspects: (1) The hierarchical hollow multicomponent structure offers plentiful of heterojunction interfaces triggering interfacial polarization; (2) nitrogen doped-carbon (N-C) facilitates the conductive loss by the unique electron migration path in the graphitized C and NiO/Ni; (3) magnetic NiO/Ni nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed within N-C form extensive C skeleton and strengthen the magnetic response ability; (4) hierarchical hollow wrinkled structures possess a large interspace and heterogeneous interface improving polarization loss and enhancing multireflection process and the unique structure satisfies magnetic and dielectric loss simultaneously resulting from synergistic effects of different components within the composites.