Solar-driven interfacial seawater evaporation is a pivotal technology for relieving global freshwater shortage. Although two-dimensional photothermal evaporators feature low cost and high flexibility, they are plagued by insufficient mechanical robustness, poor thermal localization and low stability, hindering practical applications. Herein, we use a continuous dynamic electrostatic cladding yarn strategy to build core–shell structured yarns, with a high-modulus stainless steel wire as the core and a transition metal-modified carbon-based photothermal polymer as the shell. The PM-1.35 yarn exhibits an ultrahigh tensile strength of 3692 MPa, a water evaporation rate of 2.18 kg·m^-2 h^-1 and an efficiency of 89.6% under 1 sun illumination. The integrated system delivers a maximum open-circuit voltage of 150.3 mV and stably generates 40.3 mV by waste heat recovery. This work integrates robust mechanical properties and outstanding photothermal activity, providing a new technical route for practical seawater desalination and thermoelectric cogeneration.

MnZn ferrite, characterized by the low power loss, the high electrical resistivity, and the high magnetic permeability, is a promising candidate for the low-noise magnetic shielding applications. However, as the dissipative material, MnZn ferrites inherently generate a magnetic noise, which fundamentally limits the sensitivity of the magnetometers operating in the spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) regime. Herein, we report a synergistic co-doping strategy using Co₂O₃ and Bi₂O₃ to effectively suppress the intrinsic magnetic noise of MnZn ferrites. By systematically tuning the concentrations of Co₂O₃ and Bi₂O₃, the power loss, complex magnetic permeability, and microstructural evolution of undoped, singly doped, and co-doped MnZn ferrites are comprehensively investigated. Notably, co-doping with 1600 ppm Co₂O₃ and 400 ppm Bi₂O₃ reduces the low-frequency magnetic noise by more than 50%, which is attributed to refined grain boundary structures and suppressed hysteresis losses. The optimized MnZn ferrite is further employed to fabricate a magnetic shield for a SERF magnetometer, achieving a single-channel sensitivity of 0.25 fT·Hz^-1/2. This study paves an effective materials-engineering route to minimize magnetic noise in ferrite-based shielding systems, providing a solid foundation for the development of next-generation ultra low-noise platforms for the quantum precision measurements.

High-entropy single-atom (HE SAs), distinguished by maximized atomic utilization efficiency and tunable coordination geometries, represent a frontier in atomic-scale electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorber design. Nevertheless, precise HE SAs synthesis and atomic-level structure–absorption correlation mapping remain formidable challenges. Herein, we report an entropy-stabilization strategy to co-anchor multiple transition metals within a carbon matrix, concurrently suppressing atomic aggregation while engineering asymmetric charge distributions and enhanced electronic conductivity for superior EMW dissipation. Differential electronegativity and ionic radii among multimetallic sites induce localized asymmetric coordination environments, generating intensive electric dipole polarization centers. Synergistic multielement interactions further drive rapid interfacial charge redistribution and efficient electron transfer, significantly boosting conduction loss. The optimized HE SAs@CN system achieves exceptional EMW absorption: a minimal reflection loss of −76.8 dB at 8.57 GHz and a 5.00 GHz effective absorption bandwidth at 2.81 mm thickness, outperforming all benchmark single-metal analogs. This study establishes HE SA-doped carbon architectures as a paradigm for dielectric property modulation, providing fundamental insights into atomic-scale EMW loss mechanisms.

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with abundant accessible active sites are promising electrode materials for hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) due to their ultrahigh theoretical capacitances. However, the structural agglomeration of LDH leads to poor rate capability and durability. Herein, we construct a diffusion-controlled interface in hierarchical architecture of metal-organic framework (MOF) HKUST-1@cobalt-nickel LDH (denoted as HKUST-1@CoNiLDH) through an in situ etching/electro-deposition strategy. The rapid charge transfer and ionic diffusion in HKUST-1@CoNiLDH deliver a remarkable specific capacity of 297.23 mAh·g⁻¹ at 1 A·g⁻¹, superior to mostly reported LDH-based electrodes. More importantly, the as-prepared HKUST-1@CoNiLDH//activated carbon HSC exhibit a high energy density of 39.8 Wh·kg⁻¹ at a power density of 799.9 W·kg⁻¹ with an outstanding capacitance retention of 90% after 5,000 charge–discharge cycles. The in-depth understanding of the ionic diffusion among the MOF/LDH interfaces will greatly promote the further development of designing and synthesizing high performance energy conversion and storage devices.

Two-dimensional (2D) graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) is a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), but its insufficient interlayer spacing and poor electronic conductivity impede its sodium storage capacity and cycling stability. Herein, we report the fabrication of a fullerene (C₆₀)-modified graphitic carbon nitride (C₆₀@CN) material which as an anode material for SIBs shows a high-reversible capacity (430.5 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.05 A g⁻¹, about 3 times higher than that of pristine g-CN), excellent rate capability (226.6 mA h g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹) and ultra-long cycle life (101.2 mA h g⁻¹ after 5000 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹). Even at a high-active mass loading of 3.7 mg cm⁻², a reversible capacity of 316.3 mA h g⁻¹ can be obtained after 100 cycles. Such outstanding performance of C₆₀@CN is attributed to the C₆₀ molecules distributed in the g-CN nanosheets, which enhance the electronic conductivity and prevent g-CN sheets from restacking, thus resulting in enlarged interlayer spacing and exposed edge N defects (pyridinic N and pyrrolic N) for sodium-ion storage. Furthermore, a sodium-ion full cell combining C₆₀@CN anode and NVPF@rGO cathode provides high-coulombic efficiency (>96.5%), exceptionally high-energy density (359.8 W h kg_anode⁻¹ at power density of 105.1 W kg_anode⁻¹) and excellent cycling stability (89.2% capacity retention over 500 cycles at 1 A g_anode⁻¹). This work brings new insights into the field of carbon-based anode materials for SIBs.