Most existing path planning methods for carrier-based aircraft fail to account for the practical spatial constraints encountered during their transfer process and have difficulty adapting to the highly dynamic conditions on the deck. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a dynamic path planning algorithm for carrier-based aircraft that comprehensively considers pose and kinematic constraints and desired final heading angles.

Initially, the geometric shape of the carrier-based aircraft is modeled using the polygon method. A kinematic model is then formulated based on parameters such as the aircraft's movement speed and heading angle. Subsequently, the path planning problem for the carrier-based aircraft is formulated as a Markov decision process (MDP). The action and state spaces are defined based on the aircraft's motion characteristics. A reward function is designed by incorporating factors such as pose, orientation, safety, and efficiency. A deep reinforcement learning-based path planning algorithm for carrier-based aircraft is then proposed. Finally, simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

The results demonstrate that, compared to traditional algorithms, the proposed algorithm reduces scheduling time and target heading angle error by an average of 9.2% and 98.7%, respectively.

The proposed method effectively improves the transfer efficiency of carrier-based aircraft and provides valuable insights for handling decision in aircraft coordination and deck operations.

To address the challenges brought by unique flight operational scenarios and insufficient public data for carrier flight deck operations, this study proposes a recognition method based on multi-dimensional features.

First, key points such as deck passage boundaries and static obstacles are accurately selected to represent the environmental information. Interactions between dynamic operational participants and static deck facilities are modelled using graph convolutional networks to explore their underlying connections of deck operation interaction relationships. Then, a multi-scale spatio-temporal feature extraction (MS-STFE) module is designed, incorporating a dilated attention mechanism that captures key individual interactions at both global and local levels by applying different dilation rates. At the same time, temporal convolutional networks (TCN) combined with the attention mechanism are employed to extract temporal interaction features, efficiently capturing dynamic relationships across both long and short sequences. Finally, the MS-STFE module is stacked multiple times to adaptively extract multi-dimensional features, thereby improving the recognition accuracy of carrier flight deck operations.

Experiments conducted on a self-constructed dataset featuring multi-perspective carrier flight deck operation scenarios involving heterogeneous deck operation entities demonstrate that the proposed method significantly outperforms existing group activity recognition models such as ARG, DIN, AT, and GroupFormer, achieving an accuracy of 97.8%.

This study provides a valuable reference for the high-accuracy recognition of carrier flight deck operations.

The causal factors underlying anomalies during carrier-based aircraft launch and recovery are often rare and unpredictable. To address the hallucination issues commonly encountered by large language models (LLMs) when generating these anomaly causes, we propose a scenario generation for carrier aircraft driven by large-small model collaboration (SGCAD) method.

First, a knowledge base for carrier-based aircraft launch and recovery is constructed by integrating professional literature and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) techniques, creating a dataset of normal operation descriptions. These normal descriptions serve as templates, which, combined with scenario-specific prompts, guide the large language model to generate potential anomaly causes. A smaller model is then employed to discriminate between reasonable and unreasonable anomaly causes. Finally, the large model undergoes fine-tuning using direct preference optimization (DPO) and is iteratively refined to progressively increase the proportion of reasonable anomaly scenarios.

Experimental results show that, after multiple iterations of the SGCAD method, the proportion of reasonable anomaly causes in the generated dataset reaches 94%, effectively mitigating hallucination issues and significantly improving the rationality and realism of the generated content. Expert evaluations further confirm that the generated anomaly causes encompass diverse and complex scenarios, utilize standardized terminology, and adhere to physical laws.

The proposed approach provides a valuable reference for analyzing anomalies during carrier-based aircraft launch and recovery operations.

The launch and recovery of carrier-based aircraft are characterized by rare incident occurrences, high unpredictability, and severe consequences. As a result, flight deck commanders cannot rely solely on past incident cases to accumulate experiential knowledge. To address this challenge, this study proposes a large-model-driven framework for comprehensive case-based simulation of carrier-based aircraft launch and recovery contingencies.

To analyze the evolution of contingency events under specific causative factors, a launch and recovery knowledge base was first constructed using carrier-based aircraft operation manuals and relevant literature. Additional domain-specific knowledge was incorporated to enhance the professionalism and relevance of content generated by the large model. Using prompt engineering, the large model was guided to generate latent situational trends, representing potential event evolutions under given causative factors. A decision-making model, augmented with the launch and recovery knowledge base, was then employed to evaluate these latent trends, filter out implausible evolutions, and update the contingency state iteratively.

Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework can, through multiple iterations, generate a complete set of contingency evolution processes corresponding to specific causative factors. By simulating diverse incident triggers and decision-making paths, the framework facilitates the creation of a comprehensive contingency case database for carrier-based aircraft operations.

The proposed approach effectively utilizes the extensive prior knowledge and strong logical reasoning capabilities of large models to address the scarcity of real-world data on carrier-based contingencies. The generated case simulations serve as valuable reference material and learning scenarios, enhancing the emergency decision-making capabilities of flight deck commanders.

The critical factor in the safe landing of carrier-based aircraft is the successful locking of the tailhook and arresting wires. However, in the existing research, there is relatively little work on using intelligent means to assist the landing signal officer (LSO) in identifying the arrested landing state.

This paper proposes a model for identifying the arrested landing state which integrates coordinate attention (CA) and a weighted bi-directional feature pyramid network (BiFPN). First, CA is used to enhance the network's feature extraction ability in both the spatial and channel dimensions. Next, BiFPN introduces learnable weights to learn the weights of different input features by repeatedly using top-down and bottom-up multi-scale feature fusion. A C2F lightweight model structure is adopted to reduce the parameters and computational complexity. Finally, the proposed model is compared with five baseline models through simulation experiments.

The results reveal that the proposed model outperforms the baseline model in detecting the tailhook and arresting wires of carrier-based aircraft.

The findings of this study can provide valuable references for improving the accuracy and robustness of the detection of the tailhook and arresting wires of carrier-based aircraft, and is of great significance for improving the efficiency of carrier-based aircraft landing operations and preventing potential personnel injuries and equipment losses.