There are many studies on the solution-processed thin-film transistor (TFT) using transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials. However, it is hard to control the electrical property of chemically exfoliated TMD materials compared to the chemical vapor deposition TMD. An investigation into the electrical modulation behavior of exfoliated two-dimensional (2D) material is important to fabricate well-modulated electronic devices via solution processing. Here, we report the effects of reactivity of organic dopants on MoS₂ and investigate how the chemical doping behavior influences the electrical properties of MoS_2. The band state of dopants, which is related to the electron-withdrawing and donating behavior of chemical dopant, provides a proportional shift in the threshold voltages (V_th) of their field-effect transistors (FETs). However, on/off current ratio (I_on/I_off) and mobility (µ) are strongly influenced by the defect density depending on the reactivity of doping reaction, rather than the band state of organic dopants. Through the in-depth study on the doping reaction, we fabricate a FET and a TFT, having high mobility and a relatively high on/off ratio (10⁴) using a solution process.

We introduce a transparent windshield-glass heater produced via transparent electrodes using silver nanowire (AgNW) networks for conventional use in the automobile industry. A high-quality conducting hybrid film is deposited on a plasma-treated glass substrate by spraying AgNWs, immersing the sprayed product in positively charged adhesive polymer solution, and then spraying negatively charged graphene oxide (GO) and a silane layer as an over-coating layer (OCL).The results of heating tests conducted after adhesion tests show that the sheet resistance changes with the application of polymer glue. Surprisingly, the transmittance of the film with the GO OCL is higher than that of the film without the GO OCL. Heating and defrosting tests are carefully conducted via infrared (IR) monitoring. Adhesive-polymer-treated and GO-protected AgNW transparent glass heaters exhibit the best performance with low sheet resistance; thus, through strong electrostatic interaction among the substrate, adhesive layer, and OCL, our AgNW hybrid glass heater can reach the target temperature with a standard vehicle voltage of 12 V in a short period of time.