A sustainable method is proposed to improve the friction reduction and wear resistance of high-hardness surfaces, which provides a useful reference for cutting tools. Nylon fibers were implanted in a meshed texture containing microparticles (Fe₃O₄) on the high-speed steel (HSS) surface using the electrostatic flocking method. The pulsed magnetic field treatment was then applied to the flocking surface, which is highly efficient and environmentally friendly. The tribology of an integrated texture-adhesive-microparticle-fiber HSS surface under Fe₃O₄ nanofluid was investigated. The coefficient of friction (COF) and the wear state of three surfaces (smooth, textured, and flocking) were compared by reciprocal friction and wear testing. The results revealed that the nylon fibers on the flocking surface alleviate the derived cutting of the textured edges, and the broken fibers form a lubricating film in the contact area between the steel ball and the specimen, which reduces the COF by 18.1%. The pulsed magnetic field treatment strengthens the oxide layer on the specimen surface, attracts Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles to gather on the surface and form a protective film, and significantly improves the tribological properties of the surface lubricated by the Fe₃O₄ nanofluids, which provides a useful reference for optimizing the anti-friction surface.

With increasing environmental concerns, the substitution of mineral oil-based cutting fluid has become an urgent issue. Using vegetable soybean oil as base fluid, nanofluid cutting fluids (NFCFs) were prepared by adding different weight concentrations of nanographite particles (NGPs), and their penetration and lubrication performances were studied. A novel simulated tool-chip slit with micrometer-sized geometry was manufactured to evaluate and quantify the penetration rate of the NFCFs by image analysis approach. Moreover, a large number of comparative experiments on the closed-type broaching machine were carried out to compare the performance of the proposed NFCFs and a commercial cutting fluid in terms of cutting force, workpiece surface roughness, and metal chip. It is found that there is an optimal NGP concentration in NFCF for practical cutting applications. When the concentration of NGP is 0.4 wt%, the broaching process lubrication exhibits an ideal mixed lubricate state, resulting in minimal friction resistance, and thus, both the cutting force and chip curling angle reach their corresponding best values. Moreover, the proposed NGP-based vegetable-oil cutting fluid exhibits excellent environment-friendliness and low-cost consumption in the minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) method; this demonstrates its potential for replacing the traditional broaching cutting fluid.