Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common pediatric neuromotor disorder that is characterized by persistent impairments in movement, muscle tone, and posture. It is frequently associated with sensory, cognitive, and behavioral comorbidities. This guideline presents evidence-based recommendations for neurorestorative therapy in pediatric CP, developed through a systematic review of 44 studies (including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and systematic reviews) published up to December 31, 2024. Recommendations were graded according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence. Key recommendations include the use of the Gross Motor Function Classification System for precise motor dysfunction grading, neuroimaging-supported diagnostic criteria, and a multidisciplinary neurorestorative treatment approach. This approach encompasses cell therapy (Grade B), pharmacological management (Grades B–C), surgical interventions (Grade B), neuromodulation (Grade B), structured rehabilitation (Grade B), and psychological support (Grade C). The guideline also advocates for a multi-tiered prevention strategy targeting primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. By emphasizing evidence-based, individualized, and multidisciplinary care, this guideline aims to optimize neurorestorative outcomes and improve quality of life for children with CP, while encouraging ongoing research and periodic updates as new evidence emerges.

In the year 2024, the continuous novel advances in the field of Neurorestoratology have reflected the exploring pathogenesis and neurorestorative mechanisms of the neurodegenerative diseases. Clinical therapeutic neurorestorative explorations have demonstrated exciting results benefiting patients with neuro-psychiatric diseases through various therapeutic strategies, including neuromodulation and brain-computer interfaces, cell therapies, neurorestorative surgery as well as pharmaceutical therapy, and intensive training. More randomized clinical trials of neurorestorative treatments have been conducted and demonstrated positive results, which will be further translated into routine clinical practice. Here we compile the most relevant studies with the sole idea of contributing to the improvement of quality of life of people suffering from neurological disorders. This yearbook emphasizes and summarizes some of the most relevant reserach in the field of Neurorestoratology, evidenced by published articles in original impact journals during 2024.

Remarkable advancements have been made in understanding the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurological disease; in our depth of understanding neurorestorative mechanisms such as anti-inflammatory processes, immune regulation, neuromodulation, neovascularization/neural repair, and neuroprotection; and in clinical neurorestorative treatments. Multiple types of cell therapies have been reported, with some positive outcomes. Diverse forms of neurostimulation and neuromodulation as well as brain–computer interfaces have shown good therapeutic outcomes in clinical applications. Further, therapeutic neurorestorative surgery and pharmaceutic therapy have been very impressive. These fundamental achievements are helpful for understanding the pathogenesis of neurological diseases and the mechanisms of neurorestoration. Patients with neurological impairments have benefited from therapeutic progress, but some of these therapies still require confirmation in higher-level randomized clinical trials.