Review of Analytical Methods for Water-Soluble Vitamins in Infant Formula Milk Powder

Water-soluble vitamins, as essential micronutrients for the human body, play a vital role in maintaining normal physiological functions, and their deficiency may lead to metabolic disorders and related health issues. Infant formula is fortified with these vitamins through nutrient fortification technologies to support the healthy growth and development of infants and young children. Due to the matrix complexity of infant formula and the instability of water-soluble vitamins, it is a great challenge to accurately analyze and detect multiple water-soluble vitamins in infant formula. In this paper, we review the latest developments in extraction and separation (protein precipitation, acid hydrolysis, and enzymatic hydrolysis) and detection (microbiological method, liquid chromatography, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry) techniques for water-soluble vitamins in infant formula, and we discuss future prospects in this field. Through this review, we aim to provide a reference for relevant researches.