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Recognized as the gold standard of infant nutrition and the best food for infants, breast milk offers many benefits in addition to nutrition, such as immune protection, due to its multiple bioactive components. This paper reviews the effect of lactoferrin, oligosaccharides, nucleotide, 1,3-dioleic acid-2-palmitic triglyceride and probiotics as bioactive components in breast milk on infant immune health, and it analyzes optional ingredients for 11 commercial brands of infant formula in order to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of optional components in infant formula.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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