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Research Article | Open Access

Existence of solutions for [ p , q ]-difference initial value problems: application to the [ p , q ]-based model of vibrating eardrums

Reny George1( )Sina Etemad2,3Ivanka Stamova4Raaid Alubady5,6
Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
Department of Mathematics, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
Mathematics in Applied Sciences and Engineering Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Nasiriyah 64001, Iraq
Department of Mathematics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
Engineering Technical College, Al-Ayen Iraqi University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
College of Information Technology, University of Babylon, Babel, Iraq
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Abstract

The eardrum is one of the most important organs in the body, and disorders such as infection or injury may affect the proper functioning of the eardrum and lead to hearing problems. In this paper, based on a real-world phenomena, we study some mathematical aspects of an abstract fractional [ p , q ]-difference equation with initial conditions. Our initial value problem tries to model a vibrating eardrum by using the newly defined fractional Caputo-type [ p , q ]-derivatives in two nonlinear single-valued and set-valued structures. We obtain a general form of the solutions in the framework of a [ p , q ]-integral equation, and then we investigate the existence and uniqueness properties with the help of fixed points and the end-points of some special β - α -contractions and compact mappings. Finally, we simulate this version of the vibrating eardrum model by giving two numerical examples to validate the established theorems.

CLC number: 05A30, 26A33, 39A13, 34A08

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AIMS Mathematics
Pages 2321-2346

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Cite this article:
George R, Etemad S, Stamova I, et al. Existence of solutions for [ p , q ]-difference initial value problems: application to the [ p , q ]-based model of vibrating eardrums. AIMS Mathematics, 2025, 10(2): 2321-2346. https://doi.org/10.3934/math.2025108

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Received: 04 October 2024
Revised: 14 January 2025
Accepted: 21 January 2025
Published: 15 February 2025
©2025 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)