Vision, technology framework, and roadmap of the new power system in China

Power system decarbonization enables society-wide efforts to achieve carbon neutrality. This paper outlines the vision, pathways, and policy implications of constructing a new power system that is compatible with carbon neutrality goals. It analyzes eight key technological components of the new power system: renewable energy integration, new electricity transmission, flexible distribution networks, smart consumption and supply-demand interaction, energy storage regulation, grid digitalization, operation optimization, and carbon accounting. Their technological progress, demonstration projects, challenges, and trends are reviewed, and a technological roadmap is presented. The paper offers a point of reference for policy-making regarding power system transformation toward carbon neutrality.