The Effect of Public Data Openness on the Enhancement of Firms’ New Quality Productivity Levels: Based on a Quasi-natural Experiment of Government Data Platform Access

As a fundamental strategic resource, public data has become a critical driver of enterprise innovation and productivity transformation. This article is based on the data of non-financial listed companies in A-shares from 2011 to 2022, using the opening of local government data open platforms as a quasi natural experiment, a multi-period double difference model is used for empirical testing. The results show that government public data openness significantly enhances the level of new quality productivity of enterprises, and this positive impact is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises, regulated industries, and nonpolitically affiliated enterprises. The opening of government public data can improve thelevel of new quality productivity of enterprises by alleviating information asymmetry, enhancing their absorptive capacity, and promoting digital transformation mechanisms. In view of this, it is considered to accelerate the development of new quality productivity in enterprises by implementing a hierarchical classification and open circulation mechanism based on the scope of rights and responsibilities for data openness, incentivizing enterprises to accelerate digital transformation through public data platforms, and improving their data integration and innovation research and development capabilities. The research conclusion helps to deepen the understanding of the impact of public data platform construction on the new quality productivity of enterprises, and provides important inspiration for the government to guide enterprises to use data elements to improve innovation levels, optimize productivity layout, and create new value.