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Research Article | Open Access

Nanofiber-reinforced CoFe2O4/graphene composite aerogel as broadband electromagnetic wave absorber

Shuang Xu1,2, Qinghai Liu2, Zhaoliang Yu2, Lijun Li2, Xiaodong Dai2( ), Shuyan Yu1, Congju Li1,3( )
School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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Graphical Abstract

The instability of graphene aerogel caused by CoFe2O4 was addressed through the use of ethylene glycol. CoFe2O4 nanofibers were prepared to replace commercial nanoparticles, and the advantages of the fiber morphology of magnetic components in the electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA) mechanism were identified。

Abstract

Graphene aerogel (GA) is a promising lightweight and high-performance material for electromagnetic wave absorption due to its ultra-light mass. However, the impedance matching and attenuation capabilities of GA are limited by its high conductivity and constrained attenuation paths. To address this limitation, magnetic materials are often combined with GA to enhance both impedance matching and attenuation performance. Nevertheless, little attention has been given to the influence of magnetic materials with varying morphologies on the electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA) properties. In this study, CoFe2O4 nanofibers were prepared via electrospinning technology as an alternative to commercial CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. Subsequently, CoFe2O4@GA composites were synthesized through a hydrothermal reaction in a graphene oxide (GO) solution. Moreover, the inclusion of ethylene glycol in the GO solution helped regulate the volume shrinkage of GA after the adding of CoFe2O4, thus preventing structural instability and fragmentation. The introduction of a small quantity of magnetic nanofibers significantly enhanced the EMA performance of the CoFe2O4@GA composite, increasing the strongest absorption from –34.5 to –53.5 dB and widening the maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) from 8.0 to 8.7 GHz. Finally, the study revealed that CoFe2O4 nanofibers outperformed nanoparticles in electromagnetic wave loss mechanisms, including magnetic coupling, magnetic resonance, eddy current loss, and interface polarization. This finding provides valuable insights for the selection and optimization of magnetic component morphologies in EMA materials.

Keywords

graphene aerogelnanofiberself-assembledcomposite materialsmagnetic couplingelectromagnetic absorption

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Nano Research
Volume 18 Issue 2,
February 2025
Article number: 94907142
DOI: 10.26599/NR.2025.94907142
Cite this article:
Xu S, Liu Q, Yu Z, et al. Nanofiber-reinforced CoFe2O4/graphene composite aerogel as broadband electromagnetic wave absorber. Nano Research, 2025, 18(2): 94907142. https://doi.org/10.26599/NR.2025.94907142
Topics:
Carbon compositesGraphdiyneNanostructured materials

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Received: 09 October 2024
Revised: 14 November 2024
Accepted: 18 November 2024
Published: 10 January 2025
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Tsinghua University Press.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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