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Research Article | Open Access

Composition design of oxidation resistant non-equimolar high-entropy ceramic materials: An example of (Zr–Hf–Ta–Ti)B2 ultra-high temperature ceramics

Yixiang Xu1,2Leyangyang Yu1Tao Zhao3Xin Zhong1Ji-Xuan Liu3Guo-Jun Zhang3Yaran Niu1( )Xuebin Zheng1( )
Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials CAS, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Functional Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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Abstract

High-entropy borides (HEBs) are unable to serve in environments above 1800 °C because of their poor oxidation resistance, which severely limits the application of these materials in ultra-high temperature environments. To solve this problem, a series of HEBs with different ratios of metal elements were designed and prepared in this work, and their oxidation behavior above 1800 °C was investigated. The results showed that non-equimolar HEBs possessed excellent oxidation ablation resistance relative to equimolar HEBs. The oxidized surface of (Zr1/4Hf1/4Ta1/4Ti1/4)B2 formed craters due to excessive liquid products and violent volatilization, while (Hf4/5Zr1/15Ta1/15Ti1/15)B2 formed a dense oxide layer after oxidation, which had the best antioxidant performance. The content and type of different metal elements significantly affect the oxidative behavior and products, and the ratio of liquid oxidation products plays a critical role in the antioxidant ability. An appropriate amount of liquid that fills the pores of the solid not only better blocks the diffusion channels of oxygen but also promotes the densification of the oxide layer through flow mass transfer. The oxidation of HEBs to generate corresponding high-entropy oxides avoids thermal mismatch between different oxides, reduces cracks and thermal stresses caused by phase transitions or grain growth, and further promotes the formation of a dense scale. This work provides a first look at the oxidation behaviors of non-equimolar HEBs in an ultra-high-temperature environment and proposes guiding rules for the design of HEB components (limiting the ratio of liquid oxidation products to the range of 10–27 mol%).

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics
Pages 2087-2100
Cite this article:
Xu Y, Yu L, Zhao T, et al. Composition design of oxidation resistant non-equimolar high-entropy ceramic materials: An example of (Zr–Hf–Ta–Ti)B2 ultra-high temperature ceramics. Journal of Advanced Ceramics, 2024, 13(12): 2087-2100. https://doi.org/10.26599/JAC.2024.9221003

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Received: 06 September 2024
Revised: 26 October 2024
Accepted: 17 November 2024
Published: 28 December 2024
© The Author(s) 2024.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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