State-of-the-art of Ultra-precision Grinding Technology for Hard and Brittle Materials

Hard and brittle materials are extensively utilized in various fields, such as 5G communication, aerospace, and electronic power, owing to their exceptional physical and chemical properties. High-efficiency ultra-precision grinding technology plays a crucial role in their processing. Conducting systematic and thorough research on ultra-precision grinding technology is essential to enhance the processing quality of these materials. A detailed description is presented for three grinding methods: self-rotating grinding, double-sided grinding, and grinding-polishing integration, from the perspective of designing and optimizing ultra-precision grinding equipment. Furthermore, research progress is introduced on the preparation, wear detection, and dressing of super-hard abrasive grinding wheels. A thorough analysis is also provided of the grinding mechanism of hard and brittle materials, considering aspects such as indentation and scratch, nano-grinding, and simulation analysis. The control methods for surface roughness, surface morphology, subsurface damage, and surface shape accuracy of hard and brittle materials are also summarized.