Eulerian simulation of premixed submerged multiphase turbulent jets

Premixed submerged multiphase turbulent jet flows occur in a variety of important processes in chemical and mineral engineering to enhance mixing and mass transfer. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of such processes on industrial scales are principally feasible within the Eulerian framework of interpenetrating continua. However, practical application requires suitable closure models to account for phenomena on the scale of individual particles or bubbles, which are not resolved in this approach. The present work applies closure relations, which were previously established for different geometries, such as bubble columns, pipe flows, and stirred tanks. CFD simulations based on these models are compared with experimental data from the literature for two-phase gas–liquid and solid–liquid turbulent jets. Overall, a reasonable agreement between the simulation and experiment is found. Possible causes for the remaining differences are discussed, and directions for further research are identified. Finally, simulations are also presented for three-phase gas–solid–liquid turbulent jets.