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Nano Research 2023, 16(9): 11718-11730 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5705-z
Review Article | Issue | Published: 06 May 2023

Bionic iontronics based on nano-confined structures

Show Author's Information Han Qian1,2,  Di Wei1( ),  Zhong Lin Wang1,3( )
Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
Keywords:
asymmetry, electronics, nanofluidic, iontronics, nano-confined ion transport
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Nano device
Cite this article:
Qian H, Wei D, Wang ZL. Bionic iontronics based on nano-confined structures. Nano Research, 2023, 16(9): 11718-11730. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5705-z
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Abstract Full text About this article

The Moore’s law in silicone-based electronics is reaching its limit and the energy efficiency of the most sophisticated electronics to mimic the iontronic logic circuit in single-celled organisms is still inferior to their natural counterpart. Unlike electronics, iontronics is widely present in nature, and provides the fundamentals for many life activities through the transmission and conversion of information and energy via ions.

Moreover, as nanotechnology and fabrication processes continue to advance, highly efficient iontronics could be enabled by creation of asymmetry from nano-confined unipolar ion transport through various nanohierarchical structures of materials. The introduction of bionic design and nanostructures has made it possible for ions to demonstrate numerous anomalous behaviours and entirely new mechanisms, which are governed by complex interfacial interactions. In this review, we discuss the origins, development, mechanism, and applications of bionic iontronics and analyze the unique benefits as well as the practicality of iontronics from a variety of perspectives. Iontronics, as an emerging field of research with innumerable challenges and opportunities for exploring the theory and applications of ions as transport carriers, promises to provide new insights in many subjects covering energy and sensing, etc., and establishes a new paradigm in investigating the ionic-electric signal transduction interface for futuristic iontronic logic circuit and neuromorphic computing.


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About this article

Bionic iontronics based on nano-confined structures

Show Author's information Han Qian1,2, Di Wei1( ), Zhong Lin Wang1,3( )
Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

Abstract

The Moore’s law in silicone-based electronics is reaching its limit and the energy efficiency of the most sophisticated electronics to mimic the iontronic logic circuit in single-celled organisms is still inferior to their natural counterpart. Unlike electronics, iontronics is widely present in nature, and provides the fundamentals for many life activities through the transmission and conversion of information and energy via ions.

Moreover, as nanotechnology and fabrication processes continue to advance, highly efficient iontronics could be enabled by creation of asymmetry from nano-confined unipolar ion transport through various nanohierarchical structures of materials. The introduction of bionic design and nanostructures has made it possible for ions to demonstrate numerous anomalous behaviours and entirely new mechanisms, which are governed by complex interfacial interactions. In this review, we discuss the origins, development, mechanism, and applications of bionic iontronics and analyze the unique benefits as well as the practicality of iontronics from a variety of perspectives. Iontronics, as an emerging field of research with innumerable challenges and opportunities for exploring the theory and applications of ions as transport carriers, promises to provide new insights in many subjects covering energy and sensing, etc., and establishes a new paradigm in investigating the ionic-electric signal transduction interface for futuristic iontronic logic circuit and neuromorphic computing.

Keywords: asymmetry, electronics, nanofluidic, iontronics, nano-confined ion transport

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 27 January 2023
Revised: 16 March 2023
Accepted: 02 April 2023
Published: 06 May 2023
Issue date: September 2023

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2023

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate the support from Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems.

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