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Nano Research 2023, 16(4): 5626-5639 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-5135-3
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 15 February 2023

Local structure and magnetic properties of a nanocrystalline Mn-rich Cantor alloy thin film down to the atomic scale

Show Author's Information Alevtina Smekhova1( ),  Alexei Kuzmin2,  Konrad Siemensmeyer1,  Chen Luo1,3,  James Taylor1,3,  Sangeeta Thakur4,  Florin Radu1,  Eugen Weschke1,  Ana Guilherme Buzanich5,  Bin Xiao6,  Alan Savan6,  Kirill V. Yusenko5,  Alfred Ludwig6
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB), Berlin D-12489, Germany
Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Riga LV-1063, Latvia
Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching D-85748, Germany
Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung (BAM), Berlin D-12489, Germany
Institut für Werkstoffe, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum D-44801, Germany
Keywords:
magnetism, X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), high-entropy alloys, element-specific spectroscopy, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), reverse Monte Carlo (RMC)
Topics:
Crystal structureFerromagnetic materials FerromagnetismFilms Magnetic materials Magnetic propertiesMagnetism Nanocrystalline alloys Nanocrystalline materials Surface cleaningSurface propertiesSurface treatmentX-ray absorptionX-ray absorption spectroscopyX-ray crystallography
Cite this article:
Smekhova A, Kuzmin A, Siemensmeyer K, et al. Local structure and magnetic properties of a nanocrystalline Mn-rich Cantor alloy thin film down to the atomic scale. Nano Research, 2023, 16(4): 5626-5639. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-5135-3
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

The huge atomic heterogeneity of high-entropy materials along with a possibility to unravel the behavior of individual components at the atomic scale suggests a great promise in designing new compositionally complex systems with the desired multi-functionality. Herein, we apply multi-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD)) to probe the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of all individual constituents in the single-phase face-centered cubic (fcc)-structured nanocrystalline thin film of Cr20Mn26Fe18Co19Ni17 (at.%) high-entropy alloy on the local scale. The local crystallographic ordering and component-dependent lattice displacements were explored within the reverse Monte Carlo approach applied to EXAFS spectra collected at the K absorption edges of several constituents at room temperature. A homogeneous short-range fcc atomic environment around the absorbers of each type with very similar statistically averaged interatomic distances (2.54–2.55 Å) to their nearest-neighbors and enlarged structural relaxations of Cr atoms were revealed. XANES and XMCD spectra collected at the L2,3 absorption edges of all principal components at low temperature from the oxidized and in situ cleaned surfaces were used to probe the oxidation states, the changes in the electronic structure, and magnetic behavior of all constituents at the surface and in the sub-surface volume of the film. The spin and orbital magnetic moments of Fe, Co, and Ni components were quantitatively evaluated. The presence of magnetic phase transitions and the co-existence of different magnetic phases were uncovered by conventional magnetometry in a broad temperature range.


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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Local structure and magnetic properties of a nanocrystalline Mn-rich Cantor alloy thin film down to the atomic scale

Show Author's information Alevtina Smekhova1( ), Alexei Kuzmin2, Konrad Siemensmeyer1, Chen Luo1,3, James Taylor1,3, Sangeeta Thakur4, Florin Radu1, Eugen Weschke1, Ana Guilherme Buzanich5, Bin Xiao6, Alan Savan6, Kirill V. Yusenko5, Alfred Ludwig6
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB), Berlin D-12489, Germany
Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Riga LV-1063, Latvia
Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, Garching D-85748, Germany
Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung (BAM), Berlin D-12489, Germany
Institut für Werkstoffe, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum D-44801, Germany

Abstract

The huge atomic heterogeneity of high-entropy materials along with a possibility to unravel the behavior of individual components at the atomic scale suggests a great promise in designing new compositionally complex systems with the desired multi-functionality. Herein, we apply multi-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD)) to probe the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of all individual constituents in the single-phase face-centered cubic (fcc)-structured nanocrystalline thin film of Cr20Mn26Fe18Co19Ni17 (at.%) high-entropy alloy on the local scale. The local crystallographic ordering and component-dependent lattice displacements were explored within the reverse Monte Carlo approach applied to EXAFS spectra collected at the K absorption edges of several constituents at room temperature. A homogeneous short-range fcc atomic environment around the absorbers of each type with very similar statistically averaged interatomic distances (2.54–2.55 Å) to their nearest-neighbors and enlarged structural relaxations of Cr atoms were revealed. XANES and XMCD spectra collected at the L2,3 absorption edges of all principal components at low temperature from the oxidized and in situ cleaned surfaces were used to probe the oxidation states, the changes in the electronic structure, and magnetic behavior of all constituents at the surface and in the sub-surface volume of the film. The spin and orbital magnetic moments of Fe, Co, and Ni components were quantitatively evaluated. The presence of magnetic phase transitions and the co-existence of different magnetic phases were uncovered by conventional magnetometry in a broad temperature range.

Keywords: magnetism, X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), high-entropy alloys, element-specific spectroscopy, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), reverse Monte Carlo (RMC)

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Received: 28 July 2022
Revised: 20 September 2022
Accepted: 29 September 2022
Published: 15 February 2023
Issue date: April 2023

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© The Author(s) 2022

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin for the provision of access to synchrotron radiation facilities and allocation of synchrotron radiation at the BAMline, UE46_PGM-1, and VEKMAG beamlines of BESSY II at HZB. The measurement time for magnetometry studies at the HZB CoreLab for Quantum Materials is acknowledged as well. The financial support for the VEKMAG project and the PM2-VEKMAG beamline by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF # 05K10PC2, # 05K10WR1, # 05K10KE1, and # 05K19KEA) and by HZB is cordially acknowledged by all co-authors. Steffen Rudorff is acknowledged for technical support. A. Sm. also acknowledges personal funding from CALIPSOplus project (the Grant Agreement No. 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020). Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2. B. X., A. S. and A. L. thank the DFG for financial support within the projects DE 796/11–1 and LU1175/22–1.

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