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Nano Research 2023, 16(1): 439-448 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4687-6
Research Article | Issue | Published: 31 August 2022

Nano self-assembly of fluorophosphate cathode induced by surface energy evolution towards high-rate and stable sodium-ion batteries

Show Author's Information Zhen-Yi Gu1,§,  Yong-Li Heng1,§,  Jin-Zhi Guo1,  Jun-Ming Cao1,  Xiao-Tong Wang1,  Xin-Xin Zhao2,  Zhong-Hui Sun3,  Shuo-Hang Zheng1,  Hao-Jie Liang1,  Bo Li4( ),  Xing-Long Wu1,2( )
MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Langfang 065201, China

§ Zhen-Yi Gu and Yong-Li Heng contributed equally to this work.

Keywords:
sodium-ion batteries, cathode, fluorophosphate, nano self-assembly
Topics:
Energy storageIon batteriesSecondary batteries
Cite this article:
Gu Z-Y, Heng Y-L, Guo J-Z, et al. Nano self-assembly of fluorophosphate cathode induced by surface energy evolution towards high-rate and stable sodium-ion batteries. Nano Research, 2023, 16(1): 439-448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4687-6
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

In the field of materials science and engineering, controlling over shape and crystal orientation remains a tremendous challenge. Herein, we realize a nano self-assembly morphology adjustment of Na3V2(PO4)2F3 (NVPF) material, based on surface energy evolution by partially replacing V3+ with aliovalent Mn2+. Crystal growth direction and surface energy evolution, main factors in inducing the nano self-assembly of NVPF with different shapes and sizes, are revealed by high-resolution transmission electron microscope combined with density functional theory. Furthermore, NVPF with a two-dimensional nanosheet structure (NVPF-NS) exhibits the best rate capability with 68 mAh·g−1 of specific capacity at an ultrahigh rate of 20 C and cycle stability with 80.7% of capacity retention over 1,000 cycles at 1 C. More significantly, when matched with Se@reduced graphene oxide (rGO) anode, NVPF-NS//Se@rGO sodium-ion full cells display a remarkable long-term stability with a high capacity retention of 93.8% after 500 cycles at 0.5 C and −25 °C. Consequently, experimental and theoretical calculation results manifest that NVPF-NS demonstrates such superior performances, which can be mainly due to its inherent crystal structure and preferential orientation growth of {001} facets. This work will promise insights into developing novel architectural design strategies for high-performance cathode materials in advanced sodium-ion batteries.


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Abstract
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Electronic supplementary material
About this article

Nano self-assembly of fluorophosphate cathode induced by surface energy evolution towards high-rate and stable sodium-ion batteries

Show Author's information Zhen-Yi Gu1,§, Yong-Li Heng1,§, Jin-Zhi Guo1, Jun-Ming Cao1, Xiao-Tong Wang1, Xin-Xin Zhao2, Zhong-Hui Sun3, Shuo-Hang Zheng1, Hao-Jie Liang1, Bo Li4( ), Xing-Long Wu1,2( )
MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Langfang 065201, China

§ Zhen-Yi Gu and Yong-Li Heng contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

In the field of materials science and engineering, controlling over shape and crystal orientation remains a tremendous challenge. Herein, we realize a nano self-assembly morphology adjustment of Na3V2(PO4)2F3 (NVPF) material, based on surface energy evolution by partially replacing V3+ with aliovalent Mn2+. Crystal growth direction and surface energy evolution, main factors in inducing the nano self-assembly of NVPF with different shapes and sizes, are revealed by high-resolution transmission electron microscope combined with density functional theory. Furthermore, NVPF with a two-dimensional nanosheet structure (NVPF-NS) exhibits the best rate capability with 68 mAh·g−1 of specific capacity at an ultrahigh rate of 20 C and cycle stability with 80.7% of capacity retention over 1,000 cycles at 1 C. More significantly, when matched with Se@reduced graphene oxide (rGO) anode, NVPF-NS//Se@rGO sodium-ion full cells display a remarkable long-term stability with a high capacity retention of 93.8% after 500 cycles at 0.5 C and −25 °C. Consequently, experimental and theoretical calculation results manifest that NVPF-NS demonstrates such superior performances, which can be mainly due to its inherent crystal structure and preferential orientation growth of {001} facets. This work will promise insights into developing novel architectural design strategies for high-performance cathode materials in advanced sodium-ion batteries.

Keywords: sodium-ion batteries, cathode, fluorophosphate, nano self-assembly

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 09 April 2022
Revised: 11 June 2022
Accepted: 21 June 2022
Published: 31 August 2022
Issue date: January 2023

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2022

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 91963118, 52173246, and 52102213), the Science Technology Program of Jilin Province (No. 20200201066JC), and the 111 Project (No. B13013).

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