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Nano Research 2022, 15(2): 739-757 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3595-5
Review Article | Issue | Published: 08 July 2021

Hollow structures as drug carriers: Recognition, response, and release

Show Author's Information Decai Zhao1,2,  Nailiang Yang1,2( ),  Lekai Xu1,3,  Jiang Du3,  Yang Yang4,5( ),  Dan Wang1,2( )
State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200433China
School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai201804China
Keywords:
hollow structure, drug delivery system, carriers, spatiotemporal
Topics:
Energy storage
Cite this article:
Zhao D, Yang N, Xu L, et al. Hollow structures as drug carriers: Recognition, response, and release. Nano Research, 2022, 15(2): 739-757. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3595-5
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Abstract Full text About this article

Hollow structures have demonstrated great potential in drug delivery owing to their privileged structure, such as high surface- to-volume ratio, low density, large cavities, and hierarchical pores. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of hollow structured materials applied in targeting recognition, smart response, and drug release, and we have addressed the possible chemical factors and reactions in these three processes. The advantages of hollow nanostructures are summarized as follows: hollow cavity contributes to large loading capacity; a tailored structure helps controllable drug release; variable compounds adapt to flexible application; surface modification facilitates smart responsive release. Especially, because the multiple physical barriers and chemical interactions can be induced by multishells, hollow multishelled structure is considered as a promising material with unique loading and releasing properties. Finally, we conclude this review with some perspectives on the future research and development of the hollow structures as drug carriers.


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About this article

Hollow structures as drug carriers: Recognition, response, and release

Show Author's information Decai Zhao1,2, Nailiang Yang1,2( ), Lekai Xu1,3, Jiang Du3, Yang Yang4,5( ), Dan Wang1,2( )
State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200433China
School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai201804China

Abstract

Hollow structures have demonstrated great potential in drug delivery owing to their privileged structure, such as high surface- to-volume ratio, low density, large cavities, and hierarchical pores. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of hollow structured materials applied in targeting recognition, smart response, and drug release, and we have addressed the possible chemical factors and reactions in these three processes. The advantages of hollow nanostructures are summarized as follows: hollow cavity contributes to large loading capacity; a tailored structure helps controllable drug release; variable compounds adapt to flexible application; surface modification facilitates smart responsive release. Especially, because the multiple physical barriers and chemical interactions can be induced by multishells, hollow multishelled structure is considered as a promising material with unique loading and releasing properties. Finally, we conclude this review with some perspectives on the future research and development of the hollow structures as drug carriers.

Keywords: hollow structure, drug delivery system, carriers, spatiotemporal

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 02 April 2021
Revised: 14 May 2021
Accepted: 15 May 2021
Published: 08 July 2021
Issue date: February 2022

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21821005, 21820102002, and 21971244) and the National Key R & D Program of China (No. 2016YFB0600903).

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