Integrated parametric design of ventilation corridors and urban form for enhanced urban ventilation performance

Ventilation corridors play a critical role in enhancing the urban microclimate. However, existing studies mainly focus on macro-scale morphological parameters, such as corridor width and orientation, while lacking a comprehensive understanding of the coupled effects between ventilation corridor design and surrounding urban form at the block scale. To address this gap, this study proposes a quantitative evaluation framework that integrates numerical simulations to assess the interaction between ventilation corridors and surrounding urban forms. By utilizing Landsat-8 satellite imagery, 3D urban data, and land use information, the land surface temperature and key urban form parameters were calculated, including average building height, building density, building otherness, sky view factor, and absolute rugosity. A K-means clustering algorithm was then applied to classify the urban blocks into nine representative types, providing a diverse foundation for further analysis. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were subsequently employed to quantify the ventilation performance of different combinations of wind corridor morphologies and urban form configurations, thus providing critical insights into the mechanisms underlying their coupled effects. Evaluated under the typical summer meteorological background of Nanjing with a reference wind speed of 2.8 m/s at a height of 10 m, the proposed performance improvement strategies demonstrate significant improvements. Compared to baseline configurations, the effective infiltration air volume, average wind speed in the ventilation corridor, and average wind speed across urban blocks increased by 119.51%, 51.20%, and 45.74% respectively. These findings establish a scalable and transferable framework for optimizing ventilation corridors, and provide urban planners with a robust basis for enhancing urban ventilation performance and mitigating heat island effects.