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Building Simulation 2023, 16(11): 2005-2025 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-023-1036-y
Cover Article | Issue | Published: 24 August 2023

Multi-objective optimal dispatch of household flexible loads based on their real-life operating characteristics and energy-related occupant behavior

Show Author's Information Zhengyi Luo1,2,  Jinqing Peng1,2( ),  Maomao Hu3,  Wei Liao1,2,  Yi Fang1,2
College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency of the Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Keywords:
NSGA-Ⅲ, household load flexibility, flexible load modeling, occupant energy usage behavior, many-objective optimal dispatch
Cite this article:
Luo Z, Peng J, Hu M, et al. Multi-objective optimal dispatch of household flexible loads based on their real-life operating characteristics and energy-related occupant behavior. Building Simulation, 2023, 16(11): 2005-2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-023-1036-y
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Abstract Full text About this article

A model-based optimal dispatch framework was proposed to optimize operation of residential flexible loads considering their real-life operating characteristics, energy-related occupant behavior, and the benefits of different stakeholders. A pilot test was conducted for a typical household. According to the monitored appliance-level data, operating characteristics of flexible loads were identified and the models of these flexible loads were developed using multiple linear regression and K-means clustering methods. Moreover, a data-mining approach was developed to extract the occupant energy usage behavior of various flexible loads from the monitored data. Occupant behavior of appliance usage, such as daily turn-on times, turn-on moment, duration of each operation, preference of temperature setting, and flexibility window, were determined by the developed data-mining approach. Based on the established flexible load models and the identified occupant energy usage behavior, a many-objective nonlinear optimal dispatch model was developed aiming at minimizing daily electricity costs, occupants’ dissatisfaction, CO2 emissions, and the average ramping index of household power profiles. The model was solved with the assistance of the NSGA-Ⅲ and TOPSIS methods. Results indicate that the proposed framework can effectively optimize the operation of household flexible loads. Compared with the benchmark, the daily electricity costs, CO2 emissions, and average ramping index of household power profiles of the optimal plan were reduced by 7.3%, 6.5%, and 14.4%, respectively, under the TOU tariff, while those were decreased by 9.5%, 8.8%, and 23.8%, respectively, under the dynamic price tariff. The outputs of this work can offer guidance for the day-ahead optimal scheduling of household flexible loads in practice.


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About this article

Multi-objective optimal dispatch of household flexible loads based on their real-life operating characteristics and energy-related occupant behavior

Show Author's information Zhengyi Luo1,2, Jinqing Peng1,2( ), Maomao Hu3, Wei Liao1,2, Yi Fang1,2
College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency of the Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

Abstract

A model-based optimal dispatch framework was proposed to optimize operation of residential flexible loads considering their real-life operating characteristics, energy-related occupant behavior, and the benefits of different stakeholders. A pilot test was conducted for a typical household. According to the monitored appliance-level data, operating characteristics of flexible loads were identified and the models of these flexible loads were developed using multiple linear regression and K-means clustering methods. Moreover, a data-mining approach was developed to extract the occupant energy usage behavior of various flexible loads from the monitored data. Occupant behavior of appliance usage, such as daily turn-on times, turn-on moment, duration of each operation, preference of temperature setting, and flexibility window, were determined by the developed data-mining approach. Based on the established flexible load models and the identified occupant energy usage behavior, a many-objective nonlinear optimal dispatch model was developed aiming at minimizing daily electricity costs, occupants’ dissatisfaction, CO2 emissions, and the average ramping index of household power profiles. The model was solved with the assistance of the NSGA-Ⅲ and TOPSIS methods. Results indicate that the proposed framework can effectively optimize the operation of household flexible loads. Compared with the benchmark, the daily electricity costs, CO2 emissions, and average ramping index of household power profiles of the optimal plan were reduced by 7.3%, 6.5%, and 14.4%, respectively, under the TOU tariff, while those were decreased by 9.5%, 8.8%, and 23.8%, respectively, under the dynamic price tariff. The outputs of this work can offer guidance for the day-ahead optimal scheduling of household flexible loads in practice.

Keywords: NSGA-Ⅲ, household load flexibility, flexible load modeling, occupant energy usage behavior, many-objective optimal dispatch

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 27 February 2023
Revised: 11 April 2023
Accepted: 21 April 2023
Published: 24 August 2023
Issue date: November 2023

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2023

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52278104), and the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (2017XK2015).

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