ALLCalculationsComputation theory Computational fluid dynamics Density functional theoryDynamics Electric field effects Electric fields Electron density measurementElectron energy levels Electron transitions Electronic states Energy gapExcited states Free energy Kinetic theoryKinetics Molecular dynamicsQuantum chemistry Quantum computers Quantum confinement Quantum dot lasers Quantum Hall effectQuantum interference devicesQuantum opticsQuantum theory Quantum yieldSpin orbit couplingSpintronics Van der Waals forces