Research progress on the application of sonodynamic therapy in the treatment of melanoma

Melanoma is a kind of malignant skin cancer with a high mortality rate. Currently, the treatment of advanced melanoma remains a challenging issue as conventional treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy offer limited benefits. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) offers advantages such as high efficiency, simplicity, and less invasiveness. However, a major limitation is the difficulty in identifying suitable sonosensitizers that can ensure effective treatment outcome. With the gradual development of nanomedicine technology, the synthesized nano-sonosensitizers can resolve the limitations of SDT and enhance the therapeutic efficacy, making SDT a promising novel approach for the treatment of advanced melanoma. This article aims to review recent advances in sonosensitizers for sonodynamic therapy of melanoma and evaluate their therapeutic effects.