Trajectory tracking control of multiple parafoil formation based on fuzzy PID

To address the issues of low control accuracy, weak disturbance rejection capability, and poor cooperative stability in trajectory tracking control of multiple parafoil formation, a fuzzy PID-based trajectory tracking control method for multiple parafoil formation is proposed. Firstly, a particle model of the multiple parafoil system is established, and the Dryden turbulence wind field model is introduced. Then, a three-dimensional trajectory tracking control strategy for parafoil formation is constructed. The tracking errors obtained from the reference command and measured output are fuzzified using triangular membership functions, and fuzzy inference is performed based on a predefined rule base. Through defuzzification, precise control gain parameters are obtained. The guidance control system is decoupled into two subsystems: horizontal-plane control and altitude control. The horizontal-plane control takes lateral deviation and heading angle error as inputs and outputs the heading angle command, while the altitude control takes longitudinal deviation and flight path angle error as inputs and outputs the flight path angle command. Finally, the proposed method is validated on the RflySim simulation platform. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared with the traditional PID control method, the fuzzy PID controller can still maintain a smooth trajectory and small deviations under turbulent wind disturbances, and it improves formation stability by 21.3%. Therefore, the fuzzy PID adaptive control algorithm can effectively suppress the influence of complex external environmental factors on parafoil formation, exhibiting high robustness and strong anti-disturbance capability.