Research progress on guidance and control of fixed-wing manned and unmanned carrier-based aircraft landing

The technology of carrier-based aircraft landing is one of the core enablers for the development of modern aircraft carriers and amphibious fleets, directly impacting the safety, reliability, and operational efficiency of carrier-based aircraft. This paper systematically reviews the state-of-the-art technologies and key challenges in the landing of fixed-wing manned and unmanned carrier-based aircraft. First, it provides an overview of the current development status of fixed-wing manned/unmanned carrier-based landing systems and analyzes the differences in performance and mission requirements among various landing systems. Then, in terms of landing guidance technologies, the paper explores the application status of typical single-mode guidance methods and the development trends of multi-modal guidance technologies. In the area of landing control, it analyzes the architecture of typical flight control systems and the research progress of advanced flight control technologies. Furthermore, the study discusses the current research on technologies related to the safety of carrier landing systems. Finally, it summarizes the existing achievements and outlines future development directions, aiming to provide a reference for advancing fixed-wing carrier-based manned/unmanned landing technologies.