Research Progress on the Interaction between Taurine Metabolism and the Gut Microbiota

Taurine is a non-essential sulfur-containing amino acid that is widely distributed in the human body, primarily supplemented through the diet. Taurine can combine with bile acids to form taurine-conjugated bile acids (Tau-Bas), which can be dissociated to release taurine by the gut microbiota. The interaction between taurine/Tau-Bas and the gut microbiota significantly influences both physiological and pathological processes. This article provides an overview of the gut microbiota and the sources and transformation of taurine in the body, and focuses on the interaction between taurine and the gut microbiota and the effect of taurine supplementation on reshaping gut microbiota homeostasis. The aim is to provide a scientific basis for the development of preventive and therapeutic measures for diseases related to gut microbiota imbalance.