The NTP Anode for Aqueous Sodium Ion Batteries: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Aqueous sodium-ion batteries (ASIBs) have attracted great attention in aqueous batteries due to their merit of high safety. However, the constrained work potential and insufficient chemical stability of anode materials in aqueous electrolytes hinder the large-scale application of ASIBs. Sodium titanium phosphate, NaTi₂(PO₄)₃ (NTP), is considered one of the most promising anode materials for ASIBs due to its excellent electrochemical performance and tunable structure. Recently, great achievements have been made in the development of NTP, however, a comprehensive review of existing studies is still lacking. This article firstly introduces the basic properties of NTP and analyzes the existing challenges. Subsequently, it will provide a comprehensive overview of the key strategies related to the design and modification of NTP materials with optimized electrochemical performance. Finally, based on the current research status and practical needs, suggestions, and future perspectives for advancing NTP in practical applications of ASIBs are presented. This review aims to guide the future research trajectory from basic material innovation to industrial applications, thus promoting the large-scale commercialization of ASIBs.