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Open Access | Online First

Monitoring Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing process of Inconel 718 thin-walled structure using wavelet decomposition and clustering analysis of welding signal

Giulio MATTERAa( )Joseph POLDENbLuigi NELEa
Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico Ⅱ, Italy
School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia

Peer review under responsibility of Editorial Committee of JAMST

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Abstract

Monitoring is a crucial aspect of modern production systems, especially in additive manufacturing, where instabilities and defects can lead to significant economic losses due to defective components. Consequently, artificial intelligence is increasingly used to monitor processes, enabling machines with self-analysis capabilities to generate stops or provide automatic feedback to operators. In the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) process, frequency analysis of voltage signals offers an additional method to study signal characteristics, enabling the extraction of features that describe the process state. This study conducted deposition tests of Inconel 718 using the Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding process with pre-optimized parameters. Features were extracted by analysing the time-frequency behaviour of welding voltage signals using wavelet decomposition. Subsequently, a Gaussian Mixture Model was employed to identify clusters that define the process state. By utilizing the centroids of these clusters, the process was monitored online by assigning new samples arriving online from the real deposition process to the nearest centroid. This enabled alerts to be generated for an operator or an autonomous decision-making module regarding current state of the WAAM system.

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Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Science and Technology
Article number: 2025006
Cite this article:
MATTERA G, POLDEN J, NELE L. Monitoring Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing process of Inconel 718 thin-walled structure using wavelet decomposition and clustering analysis of welding signal. Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Science and Technology, 2024, https://doi.org/10.51393/j.jamst.2025006

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Received: 01 June 2024
Revised: 17 June 2024
Accepted: 24 July 2024
Published: 25 July 2024
© 2025 JAMST

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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