Internal cooling techniques in cutting process: A review

The heat generated during the cutting process of titanium alloys and superalloys is a significant limitation that affects machining quality. Excessive heat can accelerate tool wear, increase cutting forces, alter material properties, and decrease productivity. To address this issue, alternative cooling techniques have been suggested to minimize heat generation during cutting. Among these alternatives, internal cooling techniques have emerged as a more efficient and cost-effective solution. This paper provides a comprehensive review of internal cooling techniques in the cutting process, including their effects on cutting fluid flow, chip formation, cutting temperature, cutting forces, surface roughness, tool wear, and chip morphology. The paper also presents methods to enhance cooling and lubrication performance by optimizing the internal cooling channels and outlet nozzles of cutting tools, as well as selecting appropriate fluid supply pressure. Additionally, the paper highlights important considerations when using internal cooling techniques and proposes future directions for their development, taking into account existing challenges.