SARS-CoV-2: Literature Review Focusing on Structure, Diagnosis and Vaccine Development

SARS-CoV-2 is a highly pathogenic novel ongoing-pandemic virus. It causes COVID-19. Little is known about SARS-CoV-2 biology, countermeasure, and its origin. SARS-CoV-2 is characterized by high infectiousness and sever pathogenesis. COVID-19 crosses the bounders of all continents in a high spreading manner. Here, several aspects regarding the origin and the molecular structure of this novel virus as well as the production of effective vaccines have been addressed. This article illustrated that SARS-CoV-2 was not being recombined inside laboratory and it has a complicated genome that led to sophisticated pathogenesis. Additionally, an important structural protein known as spike S was demonstrated by researchers as an important protein used by the virus for host cell entry as well as for vaccine development. However, the efforts for viral diagnosis and genomic demonstration as well as vaccine production are promising to tackle COVID-19. These perspectives will help in COVID-19 control. However, further investigations are urgently needed to figure out which controlling tactic is more efficient not only in the case of SARS-CoV-2 but also for future pandemics.