Synthesis, Characterization and In-Vitro Toxicity Assessment of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

On the growing clinical demands, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have a vital role due to their infinite physical and chemical properties at the nanoscale. The researchers have started to focus more on the magnetite nanoparticle applications with unique shape and size in various filed such as biomedicine, food and environment to synthesize Fe₃O₄ NP. Here we synthesized SPIONs-Fe₃O₄ NP successfully by co-precipitation technique. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized using suitable analytical tools for structural, morphological, elemental, optical and thermogravimetric analysis. Moreover, the genotoxicity and hemolysis assay test has been carried out to estimate the toxicity of SPIONs-Fe₃O₄ NP at various concentrations. The results found that 25 μg/mL concentration of SPIONs-Fe₃O₄ NP shows good hemocompatibility than other concentrations. The genotoxicity assay was examined in Allium cepa (onion root tips) for chromosomal aberration. Hence, the present study discusses the synthesis characterization, assessing the genotoxicity and hemocompatibility potential for the synthesized Fe₃O₄ NPs.