Study on crowd evacuation in subway transfer station fires based on numerical simulation

In order to study the influencing factors of fire evacuation bottlenecks and evacuation time in subway transfer stations, a subway transfer station model was built using Pathfinder to simulate the emergency evacuation of passengers in a fire. Using the control variable method, the evacuation under different conditions is simulated by changing the parameters. The effects of the use of escalators, the speed of escalators, preference for stairs and escalators, the use of escalators, the familiarity of exits, the speed of personnel movement and the width of stairs on evacuation time are discussed and analyzed. The results show that the fire evacuation bottlenecks of subway transfer stations is each stair entrance. Evacuation time can be shortened by increasing the speed of escalators, increasing the proportion of escalator walkers, reducing the proportion of passengers who choose familiar exits to escape, increasing the speed of passengers and increasing the width of stairs.