Preliminary study on the sound recognition methods for Prostephanus truncatus and Rhizopertha dominica in bulk peanuts and corn

This study aims to identify Prostephanus truncatus and Rhizopertha dominica species and developmental stages using acoustic methods by analyzing the movement sounds of adults and larvae in peanuts and corn.

The acoustic software Cool Edit PRO was employed to analyze the sounds produced by adult and larvae of P. truncatus and R. dominica as they moved through peanuts and corn, by a time-frequency domain approach.

The number of pulses, the peak of insect sounds, the peak of frequency and the duration of pulse of their insect sounds were counted and analyzed to determine characteristic parameters. In peanuts, significant differences were found in the number of pulses, the peak of insect sounds, and pulse duration between P. truncatus and R. dominica adults, between P. truncatus and R. dominica larvae, between P. truncatus adults and larvae, and between R. dominica adults and larvae. The result indicated that number of pulses, peak of insect sounds or pulse duration could distinguish between P. truncatus and R. dominica in each stage. In corn, significant differences were found in number of pulses and pulse duration between P. truncatus and R. dominica adults, and there were significant differences in peak of insect sounds and pulse duration between P. truncatus and R. dominica larvae. The result indicated that number of pulses or pulse duration could distinguish between P. truncatus and R. dominica adults, and peak of insect sounds or pulse duration could distinguish P. truncatus and R. dominica larvae. Number of pulses, peak of insect sounds and pulse duration were significantly different between P. truncatus adults and larvae, and between R. dominica adults and larvae. It indicated that number of pulses, peak of insect sounds or pulse duration could distinguish the adults and larvae of P. truncatus, the adults and larvae of R. dominica.

Sound parameters, including number of pulses, peak of insect sounds, and pulse duration, could effectively differentiate between the species and physiological states of P. truncatus and R. dominica in peanut and corn.